Monday, September 21, 2015 Turn Tissue writing in; put in blue basket Turn Tissue writing in; put in blue basket Check your grade (on white board) if you didn’t last class Check your grade (on white board) if you didn’t last class Get out paper & something to write with. Get out paper & something to write with. Get ready to take some notes. Get ready to take some notes.

Info to know Tomorrow – all Tissue labs due at beginning of class Tomorrow – all Tissue labs due at beginning of class Thurs. / Fri. – Tissue Quiz; will cover tissue identification & these tissue notes Thurs. / Fri. – Tissue Quiz; will cover tissue identification & these tissue notes Thurs. – HOSA dues & yellow cards must be turned in Thurs. – HOSA dues & yellow cards must be turned in

Tissue Notes Chapter 3

Basics Are similar cells organized to carry out a particular function Are similar cells organized to carry out a particular function 4 types: 4 types: 1. epithelial 2. connective 3. muscle 4. nervous

Naming (according to shape and arrangement) Simple = single layer Simple = single layer Squamous = thin, flat cells Squamous = thin, flat cells Cuboidal = cube-shaped cells Cuboidal = cube-shaped cells Columnar = elongated (longer than wide) Columnar = elongated (longer than wide) Stratified = layered Stratified = layered Pseudo = “false”; looks one way but isn’t Pseudo = “false”; looks one way but isn’t Loose = loosely packed Loose = loosely packed Dense = tightly packed Dense = tightly packed Smooth = no striations (ridges / stripes) Smooth = no striations (ridges / stripes)

Epithelial function: protection, secretion, absorption, function: protection, secretion, absorption, Location: body surfaces, cover & line internal organs, compose glands Location: body surfaces, cover & line internal organs, compose glands Lack blood vessels, cells are tightly packed Lack blood vessels, cells are tightly packed Types: simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar, stratified squamous, stratified cuboidal, stratified columnar, transitional, glandular Types: simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar, stratified squamous, stratified cuboidal, stratified columnar, transitional, glandular

Endocrine glands Ductless glands Ductless glands Secretions diffuse directly into the blood Secretions diffuse directly into the blood Secrete hormones Secrete hormones

Exocrine glands Have ducts Have ducts Empty their secretions onto the epithelial surface Empty their secretions onto the epithelial surface Examples: sweat glands (sudoriferous), oil (sebaceous) glands, liver, pancreas Examples: sweat glands (sudoriferous), oil (sebaceous) glands, liver, pancreas

Types of glands Merocrine = fluid released; salivary, pancreatic, sweat glands in skin Merocrine = fluid released; salivary, pancreatic, sweat glands in skin Apocrine = secretion and part of the cell released; mammary, ceruminous glands (wax producers) in external ear Apocrine = secretion and part of the cell released; mammary, ceruminous glands (wax producers) in external ear Holocrine = cell filled with secretion released; sebaceous glands (oil) in skin Holocrine = cell filled with secretion released; sebaceous glands (oil) in skin

Connective Bind, support, protect, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells Bind, support, protect, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells Found throughout body Found throughout body Good blood supply (well vascularized); have extracellular matrix (fibers and a ground substance) in between Good blood supply (well vascularized); have extracellular matrix (fibers and a ground substance) in between Types: loose connective, adipose (fat), dense connective, hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, bone, blood Types: loose connective, adipose (fat), dense connective, hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, bone, blood

Connective, cont’d Components Components Fibroblasts = make fibers Fibroblasts = make fibers Macrophages = carry out phagocytosis Macrophages = carry out phagocytosis Mast cells = secrete heparin and histamine Mast cells = secrete heparin and histamine Chondrocytes = cartilage cells Chondrocytes = cartilage cells Collagenous fiber = provide tensile strength Collagenous fiber = provide tensile strength Elastic = stretches Elastic = stretches Reticular = give delicate support Reticular = give delicate support

Muscle Function = movement Function = movement Found attached to bones, in the walls of hollow internal organs and the heart Found attached to bones, in the walls of hollow internal organs and the heart Muscles contract in response to stimuli Muscles contract in response to stimuli The muscle fibers shorten The muscle fibers shorten Types: skeletal (striated), smooth (lacks striations), cardiac (striated) Types: skeletal (striated), smooth (lacks striations), cardiac (striated) Striated = ridges; alternating light and dark cross-markings Striated = ridges; alternating light and dark cross-markings

Nervous Transmits electrochemical impulses for coordination, regulation, integration and sensory reception Transmits electrochemical impulses for coordination, regulation, integration and sensory reception Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves Cells connect to each other and other body parts Cells connect to each other and other body parts Functional characteristics – irritability & conductivity Functional characteristics – irritability & conductivity

Membranes = 2 types of tissue working together Serous – line cavities that don’t open to the outside Serous – line cavities that don’t open to the outside Line the thorax, and abdomen and cover the organs in these cavities Line the thorax, and abdomen and cover the organs in these cavities Mucous = line cavities that do open to the outside Mucous = line cavities that do open to the outside Oral & nasal cavities; line tubes of digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems Oral & nasal cavities; line tubes of digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems

Membranes, cont’d Cutaneous = skin Cutaneous = skin Synovial = lines joints Synovial = lines joints