Cell Membrane & Transport Censational Review

Name the molecule with a polar “head” and two nonpolar “tails”. Name the molecule with a polar “head” and two nonpolar “tails”.

PHOSPHOLIPID PHOSPHOLIPID

What 2 two words can be used to describe a double layer of phospholipids? What 2 two words can be used to describe a double layer of phospholipids?

LIPID BILAYER

What general term can be given to proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane and reach from outside the cell to inside the cell? What general term can be given to proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane and reach from outside the cell to inside the cell?

INTEGRAL PROTEIN INTEGRAL PROTEIN

What is the name of the protein that is used most often in facilitated diffusion? What is the name of the protein that is used most often in facilitated diffusion?

CHANNEL PROTEIN CHANNEL PROTEIN

Which proteins are responsible for transmitting information from the cells environment to the interior of the cell? Which proteins are responsible for transmitting information from the cells environment to the interior of the cell?

RECEPTOR PROTEINS RECEPTOR PROTEINS

Give an example of a marker protein. Give an example of a marker protein.

GLYCOPROTEIN OR GLYCOLIIPID GLYCOPROTEIN OR GLYCOLIIPID

What kind of molecules are secreted by various glands in your body that like to hook up with receptor proteins? What kind of molecules are secreted by various glands in your body that like to hook up with receptor proteins?

HORMONES HORMONES

The movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is known as…

ACTIVE TRANSPORT ACTIVE TRANSPORT

When a solute goes from a high concentration to a low concentration in a solvent, without energy, it is called ______ OR _______ When a solute goes from a high concentration to a low concentration in a solvent, without energy, it is called ______ OR _______

DIFFUSION or PASSIVE TRANSPORT DIFFUSION or PASSIVE TRANSPORT

If the solute concentration in a cell is the same as the solute concentration outside the cell, the cell is in a state of ……. If the solute concentration in a cell is the same as the solute concentration outside the cell, the cell is in a state of …….

EQUILIBRIUM

The name for a mixture of solutes and solvents

SOLUTION SOLUTION

The more plentiful substance that dissolves a solute is known as

THE SOLVENT

The movement of water molecules across a membrane in response to the concentration of a solute is known as

OSMOSIS

When the surrounding environment of a cell has a greater concentration of solutes than inside the cell, what type of solution is the cell in?

HYPERTONIC

What is the term used to describe when some solutes are able to pass through a membrane and others are not?

SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

When a cell has a greater concentration of solutes in it than in its surrounding environment, the cell is in what type of solution?

HYPOTONIC HYPOTONIC

What is the name for a substance that dissolves into another substance?

SOLUTE

What passive transport process uses channel proteins?

FACILITATED DIFFUSION

What type of solution is it when the concentration of solutes in the cell and its environment are the same?

ISOTONIC

When a cell uses energy to transport a particle through a membrane against a concentration gradient it is known as

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

What process uses energy and enables a cell to engulf molecules too large to pass through protein channels?

ENDOCYTOSIS

When a cell engulfs solid particles it is called

PHAGOCYTOSIS

When a cell gets rid of waste inside of its vacuoles by having the vacuoles fuse with the plasma membrane and dumping the excretions outside the cell, it is known as

EXOCYTOSIS

The name when a cell uses energy to engulf liquids is

PINOCYTOSIS

The maintaining of constant internal conditions, even within cells, is known as

HOMEOSTASIS HOMEOSTASIS

Proteins that do not span the entire lipid bilayer are known as Proteins that do not span the entire lipid bilayer are known as

PERIPHERAL PROTEINS PERIPHERAL PROTEINS