Instructional Design Brian Newberry

Instructional Design Instructional Design is a systematic process for the creation of educational resources. It is often viewed as a "problem solving" process.

Instructional Design Instructional Design shouldn't be confused with Learning Theory. Instructional design is the link between Learning Theory and the practice of creating instructional resources. A learning theory describes how learning occurs, an Instructional Design model describes how to cause learning to occur.

Instructional Design There are many different instructional design models from which to choose. Many of these models have common features.

Instructional Design Gagne Gagne's approach to instructional design identifies five types of learning: verbal information intellectual skills cognitive strategies motor skills attitudes and nine instructional events: gaining attention informing learners of the objective stimulating recall of prior learning presenting the stimulus providing learning guidance eliciting performance providing feedback assessing performance enhancing retention and transfer Gange informed or influenced many other instructional design models. Gagné, R. M. (1974). Essentials of learning for instruction. (2nd ed.). Hinsdale, IL: The Dryden Press. Gagné, R. M. (1977). The conditions of learning. (4nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc.

Instructional Design Dick and Carey (uses Gange's learning outcomes)

Instructional Design Seels and Glasgow

Instructional Design Rapid Prototyping - Tripp & Bichelmeyer etc. The Rapid Prototyping model tries to capture what goes on in the real world of instructional design where many operations often occur simultaneously. In addition, Rapid Prototyping takes advantage of the new media we have available that makes changing the product and most importantly delivering the product to our users much more possible.

Instructional Design Generic Model – ADDIE Analysis Design Development Implementation Evaluation

Analysis (Ask EIE) A systematic Process of Learning/Deciding WHO, WHAT and HOW Who are you teaching and what are their characteristics and needs. What are you teaching – objectives etc. How will you know you have successfully taught that which you have identified.

Design (Imagine-Plan EIE) A systematic Process of Describing That Which you Will Develop Delivery Decisions Templates Interaction Planning Paper models/Storyboards Navigation

Development (Create EIE) A Systematic Process of Creation, Testing and Improvement Writer’s Guides Content Creation Combine Content and Templates Self Testing and Revision Alpha Testing and Revision

Implementation (Create EIE) Using your Product Beta Testing Data Collection

Evaluation (Improve EIE) Evaluate both your product and the process used to create the product.

Design and Development can be messy and chaotic. Minimizing and controlling mess and chaos is why we have models of Instructional Design. In the real world these models seldom hold up. Each instructional designer, each instructional design team develop processes that work for them.

Instructional Design Truths Fast - High Quality – Cheap You Get To Pick Two!

Instructional Design Truths The more people involved, the more effort has to be expended in project management and communication.

Instructional Design Truths A wise instructional designer uses the Instructional Design process to manage expectations.

Instructional Design Truths The last person in the development chain absorbs the pain for all of the deadlines that everyone else missed.

Instructional Design Truths The last person in the development chain absorbs the pain for all of the deadlines that everyone else missed.

Instructional Design Truths Instructional Design models rarely survive first contact with reality.

Instructional Design vs. Classroom Curriculum Development Classroom Self-Expert More Control Self-Implement Self-Review (Local) ID SME Distributed Control Others Implement External Review