1. Discuss how the New Immigrants differed from the Old Immigrants. 2. Explain what life was like for the immigrants 3. How they immigrants were helped and by whom. 4. The nativist response

Determine if your slip is a PUSH factor (makes you want to leave your current area) or a PULL factor (makes you want to move into a new area).

Create a who wanted but so chart for Carnegie Rockefeller Reformers

Copy HW Read about your assigned groups and note what life was like in the cities in the late 1800s: Upper class 473 Middle Class Lower Class 475

HW Questions What changes occurred in immigration in the late 1800s? What fueled the 2 nd Industrial Revolution in America? What organizational methods did businesspeople use to increase their profits in the late 1800s? What was the Great Compromise?

Compare/Share HW Why did Congress pass the Sherman Anti-trust Act in 1890? What was the Homestead Act? What were the Civil War Amendments and what did each do? What rights are guaranteed by the 6 th amendment?

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" Emma Lazarus

Immigrants Old ( ) New ( ) Protestants Northern and Western Europe (GB, Ireland, Germany, Scandinavian) Many skilled laborers Roman Catholic, Jewish, Orthodox Southern and Eastern Europe (Italians, Greeks, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians, Romanians) Many unskilled laborers

Life for the New Immigrant Ethnic Neighborhoods Manual Labor Poles/Italians men= construction Eastern European men= mines/steel mills Jewish men and women/Italian women - garment business Poor Wages Long Hours (up to 15 hours a day) Tenement Housing

Help for the New Immigrant Ethnic Neighborhoods – lived with those who had a similar culture Churches and Synagogues – kept cultural identity Foreign Language Newspapers – could be read in native language

Help Continued Benevolent Societies = Usually privately supported organizations Loans Insurance Policies Help finding apartments/jobs

Help continued Political Bosses (powerful pol. Party leaders) Helped Immigrants gain jobs/citizenship (Americanization) in exchange for vote Ex – Boss Tweed – Tammany Hall/NYC Mayor “stole” $200 million through “kickbacks”

Nativist Response Opposed to immigrants for social and economic reasons CA –Chinese forbidden to own property 1882 – Chinese Exclusion Act – denied citizenship to those born in China and prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers

Immigration Restriction League Wanted a all immigrants to take a literacy test Congress passed Pres. Cleveland vetoed

Closure Current Immigration Who are the bulk of our immigrants? Evaluate their impact on America.