Ch. 8: Processing Materials Text pages “COPY”

Industrial Materials Wood –Hardwood, softwood & manufactured board Metal –Ferrous & Nonferrous Ceramics –From clay or inorganic materials, plaster, cement, limestone & glass Plastic –Thermoplastic & Thermoset plastics “COPY”

4 Ways of Processing Materials 1.Forming …casting, blow molding, vacuum forming 2.Separating…shearing, sawing, drilling, shaping 3.Combining… fastening, gluing, composites 4.Conditioning… firing, heat treating, magnetizing “COPY”

Forming Processes 1.Casting …made from molds 2.Pressing … material is pressed into mold 3.Forging… metal is heated and pressed 4.Extruding… softened material is heated and squeezed through opening 5.Blow Molding… air blows softened plastic into molds (plastic bottle) 6.Vacuum Forming… a vacuum draws heated and softened plastic over a product (blister packaging) “COPY”

Conditioning Process Heat Treating… hardening, tempering & annealing Mechanical Conditioning… hammering a piece of metal Chemical Conditioning… mixing chemicals Magnetize… making a magnet from a piece of steel by lining up molecules “COPY”

Properties of Materials Mechanical –Elasticity, Plasticity, Brittleness, Ductility, Hardness, Toughness, Strength. Optical –Clarity, Reflectivity Thermal –Conduction, Insulation Electrical –Conduction, Magnetism, Insulation “COPY”