© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved Next Generation High Efficient Matting Agents for UV Coatings Royce Mathews Technical Product Manager 2015 Western Coatings Symposium Las Vegas, Nevada. For Wood Coatings

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 2 Topics for Discussion General Introduction Overview of the tested additives Comparison Trials Compatibility/Stability Summary

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 3 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation General Introduction – Matting Approaches The term “matting“ describes the general property of a surface to scatter incoming light. As a result of the non directed reflectivity, the surface looks matte.

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 4 General Introduction – Matting Approaches 4 The classic approach Particle related matting effect The matting effect appears on the surface of the coating and is mainly related to a rough and uneven surface structure © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 5 General Introduction – Matting Approaches 5 Internal light scattering Matting effect mainly related to crystal structures The matting effect appears inside the coating film. Incoming light will be scattered by crystalline structures inside the coating film. (Crystals can be generated by controlled precipitation while curing.) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 6 General Introduction – Matting Approaches 6 Controlled surface structuring Related to special curing phenomenon. The matting effect appears only on the coatings surface and is related to a fine microstructure. (Structures can be generated by Excimer curing or via special additives.) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 7 Overview of the tested additives 7 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 8 Overview of the tested additives 8 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 9 Overview of the tested additives 9 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 10 Overview of the tested additives 10 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 11 Comparison trials – Formulation details 11 Raw materialSupplierAddition levelDescription Laromer ® LR 9004BASF SE40.0Polyesteracrylic Laromer ® LR 8986BASF SE31.0Epoxyacrylic Laromer ® DPGDABASF SE24.5Thinning monomer Byk ® A-530BYK Chemie0.5Air release agent Irgacure ® 184BASF SE4.0Photo initiator Irgacure® is a registered trademark of the BASF Group Laromer® is a registered trademark of the BASF Group BYK® is a registered trademark of BYK Chemie © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 12 Comparison trials – Application details 12 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation Application method: Wire rod bar Wet film thickness: 12µm (if nothing else is mentioned) Substrate: LENETA Form N2A2 (B/W contrast card) Curing details Bulb type: Mercury doted medium pressure Bulb intensity: 80W/cm Belt speed: 10m/min

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 13 Comparison trials – Matting vs. addition rate 13 Addition rate (in %) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 14 Comparison trials – Matting vs. addition rate 14 Addition rate (in %) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 15 Comparison trials – Matting vs. addition rate 15 Addition rate (in %) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 16 Comparison trials – Matting vs. addition rate 16 Addition rate (in %) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 17 Comparison trials – Matting vs. film thickness 17 Film thickness (in µm) Gloss 60° © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 18 Comparison trials – Matting vs. film thickness 18 Film thickness (in µm) Gloss 60° © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation Note: Measurements done with Keyence VK-X210 confocal laser scanning microscope

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 19 Comparison trials – Matting vs. film thickness 19 Film thickness (in µm) Gloss 60° © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation Note: Measurements done with Keyence VK-X210 confocal laser scanning microscope

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 20 Compatibility in different oligomers 20 Oligomer (Laromer® grades) 65.0 % Irgacure® % Matting agent5.0 % DPGDA25.0 % Irgacure® is a registered trademark of the BASF Group Laromer® is a registered trademark of the BASF Group © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 21 Compatibility in different oligomers 21 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation Application method: Wire rod bar Wet film thickness: 12µm (if nothing else is mentioned) Substrate: LENETA Form N2A2 (B/W contrast card) Curing details Bulb type: Mercury doted medium pressure Bulb intensity: 80W/cm Belt speed: 10m/min

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 22 Compatibility in Polyester acrylates 22 Reactivity (m/min) © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 23 Compatibility in Polyether acrylates 23 Reactivity (m/min) Gloss 60° © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 24 Compatibility in Epoxy and Urethane acrylates 24 Reactivity (m/min) Gloss 60° © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 25 Results at a glance 25 Matting mechanism A Matting mechanism B Matting mechanism C Matting efficiency Stability at changing film thickness Compatibility with different oligomers Matting effect stability vs. reactivity © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 26 Summary 26 Matting mechanism A Matting mechanism B Matting mechanism C Preferred application Viscosity adjustment for already matted systems Standalone matting agent for universal use Standalone matting agent preferably for thin films Major benefits Liquid matting agentHigh matting efficiency at low addition levels Most established matting agent Comments 1 st generation of wax technology based matting agents that utilizes a new matting mechanism. Additional tool to make viscosity adjusting in matted formulations more easy. 2nd generation of wax based matting technology that combines different matting mechanisms to overcome limitations seen with Matting mechanism A. High efficient stand alone matting agent. Standard matting technology with high acceptance in the industry. Limitations in terms of matting efficiency, viscosity and particle size. Good combination partner with Matting mechanism A. © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 27 Summary 27 Matting mechanism A Matting mechanism B Matting mechanism C Preferred application Viscosity adjustment for already matted systems Standalone matting agent for universal use Standalone matting agent preferably for thin films Major benefits Liquid matting agentHigh matting efficiency at low addition levels Most established matting agent Comments 1st generation of wax technology based matting agents that utilizes a new matting mechanism. Additional tool to make viscosity adjusting in matted formulations more easy. 2nd generation of wax based matting technology that combines different matting mechanisms to overcome limitations seen with Matting mechanism A. High efficient stand alone matting agent. Standard matting technology with high acceptance in the industry. Limitations in terms of matting efficiency, viscosity and particle size. Good combination partner with Matting mechanism A. © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 28 Summary 28 Matting mechanism A Matting mechanism B Matting mechanism C Preferred application Viscosity adjustment for already matted systems Standalone matting agent for universal use Standalone matting agent preferably for thin films Major benefits Liquid matting agentHigh matting efficiency at low addition levels Most established matting agent Comments 1st generation of wax technology based matting agents that utilizes a new matting mechanism. Additional tool to make viscosity adjusting in matted formulations more easy. 2nd generation of wax based matting technology that combines different matting mechanisms to overcome limitations seen with Matting mechanism A. High efficient stand alone matting agent. Standard matting technology with high acceptance in the industry. Limitations in terms of matting efficiency, viscosity and particle size. Good combination partner with Matting mechanism A. © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 29 Summary 29 Matting mechanism A Matting mechanism B Matting mechanism C Preferred application Viscosity adjustment for already matted systems Standalone matting agent for universal use Standalone matting agent preferably for thin films Major benefits Liquid matting agentHigh matting efficiency at low addition levels Most established matting agent Comments 1st generation of wax technology based matting agents that utilizes a new matting mechanism. Additional tool to make viscosity adjusting in matted formulations more easy. 2nd generation of wax based matting technology that combines different matting mechanisms to overcome limitations seen with Matting mechanism A. High efficient stand alone matting agent. Standard matting technology with high acceptance in the industry. Limitations in terms of matting efficiency, viscosity and particle size. Good combination partner with Matting mechanism A. © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation

© The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, all rights reserved 30 © 2014 The Lubrizol Corporation Disclaimer Trademarks owned by The Lubrizol Corporation unless otherwise noted © The Lubrizol Corporation 2014, All Rights Reserved, February 2014 The information contained herein is believed to be reliable, but no representation, guarantees or warranties of any kind are made as to its accuracy, suitable for particular applications or the results to be obtained. The information is based on laboratory work with small-scale equipment and does not necessarily indicate the end product performance. Because of the variations in the methods, conditions and equipment used commercially in processing these materials, no warranties or guarantees are made as to the suitability of products for the applications disclosed. Full-scale testing an end product performance are the responsibility of the user. Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. shall not be liable for and the customer assumes all risk and liability of any use or handling of any material beyond Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.’s direct control. The SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Nothing contained herein is to be considered as permission, recommendation, nor as an inducement to practice any patent invention without permission of the patent owner.