9/17/08 Bell Work After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, list the following caliphs/caliphates in order Umayyads Abbasids Ali Uthman Abu Bakr Umar.

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9/17/08 Bell Work After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, list the following caliphs/caliphates in order Umayyads Abbasids Ali Uthman Abu Bakr Umar

9/17/08 Objectives Describe society under the Abbasids. Identify Muslim accomplishments in art and science. Describe Muslim attitudes toward philosophy and religion. Class work Video-Review of Islam’s caliph period Read & Discuss pages Essay Question Review Notebook work Create Web Diagram (See page 273) - We will add to it in class

Section 3 Muslim Culture Muslims combine and preserve the traditions of many peoples and also advance learning in a variety of areas. NEXT

Muslim Society Muslim Culture The Rise of Muslim Cities Leading cities include Damascus, Baghdad, Córdoba, Cairo, Jerusalem Baghdad, impressive Abbasid capital; population around one million SECTION 3 Four Social Classes Muslim society: Muslims at birth, converts, protected people, slaves “Protected people” were Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians Role of Women Women enjoy some rights but are expected to submit to men Women’s responsibilities vary with husbands’ income

NEXT Muslim Scholarship Extends Knowledge Muslims Support Learning Muslims use scientific knowledge to help fulfill religious duties Muhammad valued power of learning, study, scholarship Muslim scholars preserve and translate scientific, philosophical texts House of Wisdom—Bagdad institute: library, academy, translation center SECTION 3

NEXT Art and Sciences Flourish Muslim Literature Qu’ran is standard for Arabic literature; praise for Muhammad, Islam Abbasid caliphate poets write of nature, life, and love Popular literature includes The Thousand and One Nights Muslim Art and Architecture Islam discourages images of living things, artists turn to calligraphy Calligraphy—art of beautiful handwriting Architecture of Muslim mosques is blend of many cultures SECTION 3 Continued...

NEXT Medical Advances Persian al-Razi is greatest physician, from 500 to 1500 Al-Razi writes encyclopedia of medical knowledge continued Art and Sciences Flourish Math and Science Stretch Horizons Muslim scientists solve problems through experimentation Al-Khwarizmi develops algebra and writes textbook Mathematician Ibn al-Haytham changes ideas about vision SECTION 3

NEXT Philosophy and Religion Blend Views Scholars Promote New Ideas Ibn Rushd is criticized for blending Greek philosophy with Islam Jewish philosopher Maimonides faces opposition for his ideas Blends philosophy, religion, science in The Guide for the Perplexed SECTION 3 The “Ideal Man” Muslims recognize values of many cultures; enjoy a blended culture Emerging Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal empires reflect Muslim culture