Chapter 12 Immunity

US Cause of Death Early 1900 – infectious micro killers Today- reduced deaths from micros –Immunization –Nutrition –Sanitation

Underdeveloped Countries Infectious disease problem today –Poverty –Lack nutrition

Globally #1 Cause Death Infectious disease –Protozoa –worms –Bacterial –viral

US Rise Infectious Poverty Drugs Alcohol New strains viral and bacterial

Pathogen Makes you sick Cause infections

Virus Non-living Must have host Reproduce/grow in host

Virus Types AIDS Cold Flu Polio Hepatitis Mumps Chicken pox

Bacterial Pneumonia Tuberculosis gonorrhea

Terms Communicable- person to person Vector-animal to person

Immune System Factors Nutrition Exercise sleep Stress Genetics Pre-exposed

Tuberculosis “Poverty Disease” –Poor nutrition –Sanitation Affects Lungs

Rise Infectious In Industrialized Global Travel Growth Cities Human sexuality Poverty increasing Drug use increasing

Infectious Disease Factors General health Sanitation Antibiotics Vaccines

Antibiotics Kill bacteria Not virus Bacterial mutations reduce effectiveness

Body Defense Skin-1 st Cilia Mucus membranes Cough/sneeze Platelets White blood cells

Cold/flu Many strains Susceptible to pneumonia Vaccines prepare for certain yearly strain

Lyme Disease Bacteria in tick Need antibiotics Symptoms –Fever, skin lesions, fatigue, neurological, ache, stiff neck

Mononucleosis Viral Spread in saliva Adults develop immunity Rest is cure

Hepatitis Liver virus A-E mild –Fecal to mouth transmission B,C,D chronic- leads to liver cancer –Needle, saliva, air A,B have vaccines

Immune Defense Antibodies-proteins fight virus/bacteria Lymphatic system-filter virus/bacteria T cells –Helper T- identify pathogen –Killer T- attack pathogens –Suppressor T-memory cells

Vaccines Mumps Measles Polio Small pox Hepatitis Whooping cough

Allergies Immune attack pollen, mold, dust, food, chemicals, drugs Produce antibodies histamine –Local blood flow increases –Narrow air tubes –rash

Asthma Genetic Psychosomatic –Stress –Emotions Bronchial dilators –Corticosteroids

Autoimmune Disease Attack own tissue Unknown cause

Autoimmune Types Arthritis-attack bone, cartilage Multiple sclerosis-attack nerves

AIDS HIV Virus Low T cells Lives off T cells Blood to blood transmission