Workshop on Satellite Data Applications and Information Extraction University of Wisconsin-Madison, SSEC August 20-21, 2003 Kathleen Strabala Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies University of Wisconsin-Madison

Launched: Dec. 18, :30 am ascending ASTER: Hi-res imager CERES: Broadband scanner MISR: Multi-view imager MODIS: Multispectral imager MOPITT: Limb sounder Terra

Launched: May 4, :30 pm descending AIRS: Infrared sounder AMSR-E: Microwave scanner AMSU: Microwave scanner CERES: Broadband scanner HSB: Microwave sounder MODIS: Multispectral imager Aqua

AIRS- Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Measurements: Atmospheric temperature and humidity; land and sea surface temperatures; cloud properties; radiative energy flux Properties: Measures simultaneously in more than 2,300 spectral channels in the range of 0.4 to 1.7 µm and 3.4 to 15.4 µm Sponsor: NASA JPL Developer: Lockheed Martin URL: Instruments On Board Aqua MODIS- Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Measurements: Cloud properties; radiative energy flux; aerosol properties; land cover and land use change; vegetation dynamics; land surface temperature; fire occurrence; volcanic effects; sea surface temperature; ocean color; snow cover; atmospheric temperature and humidity; sea ice Properties: Views in 36 spectral bands from 0.4 to 14 µm Sponsor: NASA GSFC Developer: Raytheon (Santa Barbara Remote Sensing) URL: AMSR/E- Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS Measurements: Cloud properties; radiative energy flux; precipitation; land surface wetness;sea ice; snow cover; sea surface temp.; sea surface wind fields Properties: Views in 12 channels at six discrete frequencies in the range of 6.9 to 89 GHz Sponsor: NASDA of Japan Developer: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation URL: AMSU-Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit Measurements: Atmospheric temperature and humidity Properties: Senses in 15 discrete channels in the range of 50 to 89 GHz Sponsor: NASA GSFC Developer:Aerojet URL: New AMSU info URL: HSB- Humidity Sounder for Brazil Measurements:Atmospheric humidity Properties: Measures in 5 discrete channels in the range of 150 to 183MHz Sponsor: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Brazil Developer:Matra Marconi Space CERES- Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Measurements:Radiative energy flux Properties: Two sensor, one scanning cross track, the other scanning azimuthally view in three channels per scanner: shortwave (0.3 to 5 µm), longwave (8 to 12 µm), and "total" (0.3 to > 50 µm) Sponsor: NASA LaRC Developer: TRW Space & Electronics Group URL: ASDceres.html MODIS,AIRS,AMSU,HSB are included in IMAPP CERES will not be included in IMAPP

MODIS Reflective Band Specifications

MODIS Emissive Band Specifications

AIRS Instrument Suite AIRS, in conjunction with its companion instrument AMSU, provides a unprecedented suite of instruments for weather and climatologically studies –AIRS is a hyperspectral IR spectral photometer 2378 IR channels AIRS also has 4 Visible/NIR channels (8x9 pixels per AIRS spot) –AMSU-A is a MW temperature sounder with 15 channels –Combining Level-1B data from AIRS-suite instruments you can retrieve cloud-cleared IR radiances and physical parameters including: Cloud cover & height Surface temperature & type Profiles of: T, q, trace gasses

Climate Studies EOS Satellites primary mission is to understand earth’s climate and identify the causes of climate change. DAAC products are doing just that.

TERRA MODIS NIGHTTIME 4  m SST MODIS/OCEAN GROUP GSFC, RSMAS C o MAY 2001 V 3.3.1

Cloud Optical Thickness (M. D. King, S. Platnick, M. Gray, E. Moody, et al) cc Level-3 Monthly April 2001 Level-3 Monthly April 2001 cc

Cloud Effective Particle Radius (M. D. King, S. Platnick, M. Gray, E. Moody, et al.) Level-3 Monthly April 2001 Level-3 Monthly April r e (µm) 34 22

Seasonal percentage high clouds (<400 mb) from Terra MODIS NH winter 2001/02 NH summer 2001

Terra MODIS global water vapor product Sliding 8-day mean

Near Real-time Data and Products Direct readout Terra and Aqua data and products have proven useful too. IMAPP (International MODIS/AIRS Processing Package) allows users with X-band receivers to calibrate, geolocate and create science data products in near-real time. Current suite: MODIS data Calibration, geolocation, cloud mask, cloud properties (height, temperature, emissivity, phase), atmospheric profiles (T, q, total precipitable water vapor, stability indices.)

EOS Direct Broadcast at SSEC Objective: Routine acquisition and processing of EOS direct broadcast data (NASA HQ funding). Accomplishments: System installed August 5, Level-1B data and browse images have been produced automatically since January, 2001 and made available via anonymous FTP, DODS server, and Web. IMAPP software package for processing MODIS direct broadcast data now in use in USA, UK, Germany, Russia, Japan, China, Korea, Singapore, Australia. Level-2 algorithms (cloud mask, atm. profiles, cloud height).

EOS Direct Broadcast Groundstation TeraScan SX-EOS 4.4 m antenna: First data acquired 2000/08/18 Overpass prediction 2000/10/13

International MODIS/AIRS Processing Package Goal: Transform direct broadcast Level-0 data (initially from MODIS) to calibrated & geolocated radiances (Level-1B) and science data products (Level-2). Features: Ported to a range of platforms (IRIX, SunOS, AIX, HPUX, Linux), The only required tool kit is NCSA HDF4, Processing environment is greatly simplified, Downlinked or definitive ephemeris/attitude data may be used, Passes of arbitrary size may be processed, Available at no cost; licensed under GNU GPL, Available from:

CIMSS Near-Real Time IMAPP automated processing applications:  MODIS L1B and science product validation  Testing of MODIS algorithm product changes  Quick look true-color images for identifying regions of spectral or meteorological interest  Support for field experiments

Example IMAPP Aqua Quicklook Image: Southwest US 19 Aug. 2003

Global Community MODIS IMAPP applications:  MODIS calibration validation over Lake Tahoe, USA.  Providing USA Weather Service forecasters with near real-time high spatial resolution imagery and products (SPORT).  Aiding the Canadian Ice Service in monitoring the amount of ice on Hudson Bay for shipping concerns.  Supplying cloud information from IMAPP as part of the European CLOUDMAP 2 project.

Simon Hook’s (JPL) MkIV Raft on Lake Tahoe with Radiometer, Meteorological Station and Temperature Loggers MODIS radiances are sent automatically for every Tahoe pass

Near Future IMAPP applications: MODIS products SST Surface reflectance Aerosol Scene classification Snow cover/Lake Ice Cloud optical properties AIRS Sounding System Software: L1B AIRS (Release end of October), AMSU, HSB, AMSR-E AIRS L2 products release beginning of 2004 Utilities to collocate MODIS/AIRS pixels Eventually combined MODIS/AIRS products

MODIS True Color Image AIRS IR Window BT Images AIRS Water Vapor BT Images CIMSS/SSEC DB Coverage MODIS Cloud Mask (left) & Phase (right) MODIS Cloud Top Pressure MODIS Total Precipitable Water

Enough Talking. Let’s look at Data!!