Internet Network of networks Mother of all networks Planted in 1969 – ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency) under US Dept. of Defense Resulting network called ARPANET Create a large computer network with multiple paths Wanted users in remote locations to be able to share scarce computing resources

Internet At first four primary host computers Rapid growth *Host – network server, providing services to other computers that connect to it Rapid growth 1973 – jumped across the Atlantic to Norway and England Mid 1980s – NSF (National Science Foundation) was founded Established five “supercomputing centers” Available to anyone who wanted to use them for academic research services

Internet Demand increased NSF created a new, higher capacity network NSFnet Link between ARPANET, NSFnet and other networks was called INTERNET *internetworking – the process of connecting separate networks *internetworked – a collection of “networked networks” or a worldwide network of networks For private purposes Private telecommunications built their own network backbones

Internet *network backbone – is the central structure that connects other elements of the network *distribute business and commercial information 1990 – original ARPANET was shut down 1995 – government funding for NSFnet was discontinued

World Wide Web, Browsers and Definition Web pages Specially formatted documents which can contain text, graphics and multimedia objects Can display navigational tools to help you move around within a web page To move from on page to another within a Web Site or to move among different sites Web browser a special software program that access the Web Example: IE, Mozilla, Netscape, Opera, Chrome Unique feature and capabilities

World Wide Web, Browsers and Definition Web site collection of related Web pages Formatted with HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language) URL Uniform resource locator Domain name / subdomain name Hyperlink is simply a part of the Web page that is linked to a URL Navigation tools Hyperlinked pictures or graphical buttons Browser’s navigation tools Backward and forward button Bookmark History list

World Wide Web, Browsers and Definition Web-based search tools Directories – enables to search for information by selecting categories of subject matter Search engines – lets you search for information by typing one or more words Type of lookup is called keyword search Using boolean operators AND both terms and ignores pages that include only one of them OR include pages that include either or both of the terms NOT looks for pages that include a term only which do not also include the other term, ignores pages that include both terms NEAR determines the proximity, or closeness, of your specified words

World Wide Web, Browsers and Definition Web-based search tools Metasearch engines Use multiple search engines simultaneously to lookup sites that match your keywords, phrase or question Site specific Enables you took up for information on the Web site you currently visiting