A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Introduction to Web 2.0 and the Social Web Brian Kelly UKOLN University of Bath Bath, UK UKOLN is supported by: This work is licensed under a Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat) Acceptable Use Policy Recording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using Twitter, blogs, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Acceptable Use Policy Recording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using Twitter, blogs, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Twitter: Blog:

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 2 Web2MemeMap, Tim O’Reilly, 2005 Characteristics Of Web 2.0 Network as platform Always beta Clean URIs Remix and mash-ups  Syndication (RSS) Architecture of participation  Blogs & Wikis  Social networking  Social tagging (folksonomies) Trust and openness Characteristics Of Web 2.0 Network as platform Always beta Clean URIs Remix and mash-ups  Syndication (RSS) Architecture of participation  Blogs & Wikis  Social networking  Social tagging (folksonomies) Trust and openness Web 2.0 What Is Web 2.0? Marketing term (derived from observing 'patterns') rather than technical standards - “an attitude not a technology” Web 2.0

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 3 Social Web: “tools that enable people to create, share and connect with each other”

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 4 Note the focus on the individual rather than the institution Via (June 2008)

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 5 Benefits of Web 2.0 Delivery Mechanisms (“network as platform”): Global outreach: maximise impact of and engagement with ideas Outsourced services: allowing organisations to focus on their strengths and small institutions to engage on more equal terms Exploits infrastructure: the standards (e,g. RSS) & services (Google, Amazon,..) now in place User Benefits: User can create content Can comment on other’s content Users no longer passive consumers of content

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 6 NLW Example (1) National Library of Wales “Shaping the future: The Library’s strategy to ”: “We propose taking advantage of new online technology, including … Web 2.0 services … It is expected that the Library itself will provide only some specific services on its website. Instead, the intention is to promote and facilitate the use of the collections by external users, in accordance with specific guidelines.” Example of use of Web 2.0 services embedded within a Welsh Assembly Government funded project

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 7 NLW Example (2) Use of Web 2.0 at the National Library of Wales including: Use of YouTube Examples from guest blog post by Paul Bevan on UK Web Focus blog / Bridging Worlds 2008 paper, National Library of Singapore

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 8 NLW Example (3) Use of Web 2.0 at the National Library of Wales including: Use of YouTube Use of Flickr

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 9 NLW Example (4) Use of Web 2.0 at the National Library of Wales. Wales, including: Use of YouTube Use of Flickr Use of a community Wiki

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 10 Museum Example (1) Example of a museum making using Facebook: Surfacing content in places people visit Allowing visitors to be ‘fans’ Easy to access on mobile devices …

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 11 Museum Example (2) Social Web isn’t just for visitors – it’s also used to support communities of practice: Blogs Twitter Wordle Bookmarks …

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 12 Twitter - Supporting a CoP Twitter: Used by early adopters at MW2007 Now becoming mainstream Uses by professionals being identified Possible uses: Multiple discussions at conferences Amplified conferences (cf #CILIP2) Supporting distributed communities of practice

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 13 Twitter – Delivering a Service The Historic Royal Palaces use Twitter for Henry VIII’s 500 th anniversary – picked up by the Telegraph

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk In More Detail Let’s look at: Blogs Wikis Social Networks Twitter Openness 14

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 15 Blogs Image from Flickr:

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk About Blogs About blogs: A Web log/online diary (and more!) Professionals are increasingly using blogs to describe what they are doing Key characteristics are openness, collaboration and syndication There’s a need for information professionals to: Understand blogging and related technologies (e.g. RSS, blog rolls) Be able to find resources in the 'Blogosphere‘ (e.g. use blog search tools) Explore how to use blogs to support business functions (support users, staff & organisation) 16

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Why Blog? Reasons for blogging: Community of museum, archive or library professionals Long tradition of sharing experiences and knowledge New issues – need to find new communities Blogs can be a timely way to Offer advice and commentary Make new connections Record discussion over time Provide a different view to discussion threads 17

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Reading Blogs There are lots of dedicated blog readers Web-based e.g. Google Reader Desktop applications apps You can sign up for RSS feeds to be alerted to changes 18

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Reading Blogs There are lots of dedicated blog readers Web-based e.g. Google Reader Desktop applications apps You can sign up for RSS feeds to be alerted to changes 19

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Netvibes The Netvibes RSS Reader 20

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Librarian’s Blog Joeyanne Libraryanne

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Using Blogs Blogs: Very interconnected : (trackbacks to see who has linked to you; ‘Google juice’; etc.) Can help to provide feedback; measure impact; engage in discussions; etc. Blog realtime search tools (e.g. Google, Technorati) can help find recent blog posts Twitter can automatically post blog updates The comments field can allow you to engage in discussions Time for you to establish a blog? Note UKOLN briefing docs on planning blogs 22

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Planning 23 By Nina Simone

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Ideas For Blogs A News Blog Redevelopment blog, user services, service changes, opening hours, event info From the Librarian’s Desk / From the Curator Blogging about your daily work, provides transparency and openness Resources Blog Special collections, object of the week Reflective Blog Use as a ‘try it out’ experience Professional Development Blog Chronicle daily activities, identify progression, use for annual appraisal 24

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Issues To Consider Issues: Institutional Issues – e.g. Can you have a corporate voice, do you want one? Technical Issues – e.g. what software? Barriers to making the decision to blog e.g. do you want all ideas to be accessible to all? What about an internal blog? Barriers to getting started: Gaining momentum e.g. many blogs are little read & become abandoned Keeping your momentum e.g. Will you be able to come up with new ideas? Stopping? Right person for the job! 25

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Gaining Momentum Some thoughts: Participate: embed yourself in the community, social networks (but need to be aware of privacy issues, ownership of data, dangers of data lock-in) Identify and subscribe to relevant blogs Get a feed reader like Google Reader Comment, and use your URL when you do Link to other blogs, Web sites, … Be willing to promote your work Also promote your blog’s URL around 26

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Keeping Momentum Use Technorati, Google Blog search, etc Embed usage in regular workflows Make sure you post regularly, and consistently: Don’t post because you haven’t for a while Do post when you’ve something to say If you’re losing momentum, is there a reason? Do some evaluation of your blog: ask readers Look for co-authors & guest posts. if it’s getting stale, try some alternative approaches (interviews, podcasts, videos, surveys or polls, …) 27

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Wikis 28

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk About Wikis Wikis are collaborative Web-based authoring tools –read state and write state They can be used for: team work and collaborative papers (avoiding ed MS Word file around) Note-taking &social discussions at events As a way to set up a group Web site A great e-learning tool Ability to compare previous versions of a page, revert back and track who edited the page Many allow users to discuss issues prior to making changes 29

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Wikipedia Easy to modify Provides high- profile information (Google-friendly) Allows the community to enhance and develop content Is time your library had an entry? Who will edit it? 30

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk “Britain Loves Wikipedia” Launched on 31 January 2010 and will run throughout February Aim is to get UK museums to throw open their doors (and ideally their stores) to Wikipedians Wants to allow them to take photographs of out- of-copyright works in their Collections Why? Opportunity to enrich the photographic record of your collections Say that you’re working with Wikipedia Images will be used to create articles on Wikipedia - which will drive more traffic to your site Interested? Contact the Collections Trust 31

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Wiki Issues Vandalism, spam Wiki etiquette Searching (tagging needed), archiving (ephemeral), organisation of pages Stopping your wiki from becoming an unmaintained storehouse of out-of-date information! Organisational Culture - freedom to move away from usual design, protocols, habits Resources - Staff training, time, costs How will librarians add wikis and blogs to their collections? 32

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk The Potential of Wikis “At their best, they can become true community resources that can position the library as a an online hub of their local community” Meredith Farkas 33 Reviews of collections, objects or books, FAQs Comments section, suggestion box Commonly asked questions (reference or general) Local history, personal stories Course collaboration, e-portfolios Project work, input for research work Workshops

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Social Web 34

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Social Networks Sharing and community are key aspects of Web 2.0 Most famous networks are MySpace, Facebook, delicious and Flickr ‘Library, ‘museum’ and ‘archive’ are social network in themselves! Tagging – allows users to add keywords:  Created by groups/communities who are the resource users  Natural language – common understanding  No hierarchy, feedback RSS Feeds 35

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Sharing – Flickr Web 2.0 includes community- building You can help support your community- building by making it easy to share photos at events (e.g. this seminar) Simply suggest a tag and encourage delegates to upload their photos with this tag Flickr Commons 36

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Flickr and Museums Example of a museum making using Flickr: Content embedded on organisation Web site Use of rich 3 rd party user interface Content also surfaced content in places people visit and comment … 37

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Sharing – Delicious Another aspect of sharing is sharing bookmarks This can be used to: Manage your bookmarks Allow others to contribute resources Allow lists of bookmarks to be repurposed Carry out impact analysis 38 Who else has bookmarked this resources? What are their interests? (I may have similar interests) How many have bookmarked my resource? Who else has bookmarked this resources? What are their interests? (I may have similar interests) How many have bookmarked my resource?

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Sharing - Slideshare Many other resources can be shared e.g.: Slides Photos Maps Video Travel info Events info Music Etc. 39

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Facebook Facebook: A social networking Web site Had largest number of registered users among college- focused sites (over 30m members) In top 10–20 Web sites 40

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Facebook and Museums Example of a museum making using Facebook: Content in places people visit Allows visitors to be ‘fans’ Easy to access on mobile devices … 41

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Follow Alex 42

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 43 Flickr: Twitter

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk What is Twitter? What is it? Best known micro-blogging application Created in 2006 Web app with desktop & mobile clients SMS of the Internet One of the 50 most popular Web sites How do you use it? Users sign up for accounts and can then begin posting tweets Interaction is through the act of following others and being followed 44

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Tweets Tweets are: Text-based posts up to 140 characters Can include URL and/or link to image (Tweetpic) How they work: All followers of a user will receive their tweets Users can reply to others (with other users able to follow conversation) or contact each other directly 45

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Why use Twitter? Community-building Marketing (retweets) Support from your peers Friend/subject groups Answers to questions Surveying feedback Brainstorming for ideas Quick surveys The service's (API) allows other Web services to integrate with Twitter easily … 46

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 47 Twitter can provide tangible benefits: Engaging in discussions at events Remote participation at events Finding our what they’re saying about you

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Hashtags About hashtags: Words or phrases prefixed with a # Community-driven convention for adding additional context to your tweets Topics / events can have a Twitter stream (e.g. #cilip2) Users can see tweets collated through use of a hashtag by: Using site such as hashtags e.g. Running a Twitter search for a term and then subscribing to RSS feed Using an application such as Twemes or Twitterfall 48

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Twitter at Events Organisers Publicity & general information (like RSS feed) Alert followers to important occurrences. Organisers can create a generic Twitter account Delegates Can sign up for the event Twitter account Tweet during the event using the hashtag (Twitter 'back channel‘) Remote attendees Can still participate by asking questions and getting a good feeling for the event atmosphere Speakers Gain a better understanding of audience's knowledge Use as a way to ask the crowd and for feedback 49

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Twitter & User Engagement 50 Museums & heritage bodies are now following tweets and responding. Being user-focussed & innovative or spooky? See

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Openness 51 Flickr:

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk Creative Commons Openness: key aspect of Web 2.0: open source; open standards & open content. Open content: Creative Commons offers copyright holders licences to assign to their work Licences aim to clarify the conditions of use and avoid many of the problems current copyright laws pose when attempting to share information. CC helps maximises impact of work 52

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 53 Questions? Any questions?