IFRRO and the Work of the Reproduction Rights Organisation - RRO Olav Stokkmo, IFRRO Chief Executive 27 May th Slovenian Publishers Convention, Portorož

Indispensible to culture, knowledge, education, development, and economy Copyright based industries

Value of the creative industries  Cultural value  National identity  Fiction, non fiction (science, technology, education), poetry, drawings, photographs... And more!  “ Cultural industries” work within  Culture  Knowledge  Entertainment  Economic importance  Incentive to create and publish  Text book publishing = print publishing engine

Economic contribution of the creative industries – WIPO

5 Copyright based sector Contribution to GDP by industry – WIPO

Point of departure Management of copyright

LegislationManagementEnforcement Administering access to © works Three pillars

Addressing Reprography Point of Departure Billions of copies made annually Most impossible to stop Some considered legitimate Portions/small parts of works for Internal use Non commercial use Example: Student’s need for a chapter of a book Heaviest users: Education Dilemma: Ban or Licence?

Why are photocopies made? Need for just a small part of the work Need to update information Material not available Material no longer on sale Increased flexibility

Creators and publishers providing access through collective management and RROs Management of copyright in text and image based works

RRO Collective Administration Complements individual managament Individual licensing when one to one /many Collective licence when many to many; individual licensing is Impossible Typically Orphan works Impracticable or Insufficient Typically Multiple copying; Out-of-Commerce Works RRO admin. complements individual management

Operate on the basis of mandates from; governed by Creators and Publishers  Writers including translators; Visual artists;  Composers  Publishers (Book, journal, newspaper, magazine, music) Legislation Key facets of RRO activities Awareness raising; Copyright enforcement Licence, collect and distribute revenues; Reprography; certain digital uses RROs - Reproduction Rights Organisations Set up/Governed jointly by Authors and Publishers

Content of RRO licences Limited extracts 5-15%; chapter; article Personal and Internal use Permitted uses Photocopying and scanning Download, store, print, internal dissemination, external dissemination Authorised users Terms Fees Usage reporting requirements Compliance awareness

Digital sources and applications Sources Applications and uses o Scan o PPT o Printout o Whiteboard o View o VLE o Store o Redirect to content o o RRO content database o Analogue o Online o Electronic carrier o Internet download

RROs Areas of Licensing Education at all levels Schools; Universities; Further education; Distance Education Public Administration Government; Regional; Local Trade and Industry Religious bodies Public and Research libraries Cultural institutions Copy shops

International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations IFRRO

“RRO”s (74) Mandate to licence reprography 59 RRO Members Represent publishers and creators 15 Associate Members Represent publishers or creators Creators and Publishers associations International FEP, STM, IPA, ENPA, ; EWC, IFJ, EVA National AAP, Authors Guild, ARS IFRRO – 129 Members in 65 Countries The International Link and Global network

Annual General Meetings Board of Directors 8 RRO Directors and Substitute Directors 2 Publishers Directors and Substitute Directors 2 Authors Directors and Substitute Directors Committees/Working Groups and Fora e.g. European Group; European Development Committee Newspapers, etc; Visual Material; Musical works IFRRO Business Models Forum (IBMF); Legal Issues (LIF) Cooperation activities WIPO; UNESCO; EU; Policy work, Awareness, Training, Anti Piracy work IFRRO Governance and Work form

Key Areas of Activities : Information: Regional and Business Development INCREASE COPYRIGHT AWARENESS FOSTER NEW RROs Code of Conduct / governance documents FACILITATE Information Exchange Technical standards Agreements

New areas of licensing Facilitating access through RROs

RRO activities New Areas for Potential Development Digital Libraries Orphan Works Works out of Print / Commerce Model Licences – Secure and Open Networks Rights Clearance Databases People with reading impairment Trusted Intermediaries (TI) pilot project WIPO VIP Stakeholder Platform EC VIP Stakeholder Dialogue - MoU

EC i2010 Digital Libraries Realised through stakeholder cooperation Digital Preservation Orphan Works Out-of-Print Works Online Access OP Books Business Models Diligent search guidelines Registries/databases Rights Clearance Centres Model Agreement I Model Agreement II (Accessible Registries of Rights Information and Orphan Works) towards EUROPEANA

30 Partners and associates 9 Libraries 8 National libraries and 1 University library Austria; Finland; France; Germany; Netherlands, Norway; Slovenia; Spain; UK 15 Rightholder organisations 7 national authors and publishers associations 8 RROs (Reproduction Rights Organisations) 3 International organisations The European Digital Library IFRRO; FEP (Federation of European Publishers) 3 ISBN Agencies; Business/Technology developers

Contract National Library – RRO (Kopinor) Mandate from authors and publishers Extended Collective Licence Digitise and make available 50,000 books Published in: ; ; Including Orphan Works and Out-of-Print works Fee payable per page per year User access Registered library users Norwegian IP addresses View; No download, print-out or copying Purchase opportunities Library Digitising projects Bookshelf project (Norway) 24

Digitise and make available books out of commerce Published 1965 or earlier Licensing by RRO (VG Wort) Mandate from authors and publishers Right of wihtdrawal Library Digitising projects Out-of-Comemrce with a cut off date (Germany) 25

In Conclusion

Licensing by RROs Creating a win-win-win session Working within established structures Developing practical alternatives National equilibrium maintained Toolbox of solutions Flexible interaction between licensing and exceptions Benefiting users, creative industries & society at large

Thank you for your attention