MOVEMENT IN AND OUT OF A CELL CELL MEMBRANE PLASMA MEMBRANE

TYPES OF TRANSPORT Passive Transport “LAZY” No energy (ATP) required Controlled by the movement of molecules Active Transport “HIGH ENERGY” Energy (ATP) Required Controlled by the cell

What is DIFFUSION?  Concen- tration gradient  No energy  High to low

Until Equilibrium Is reached

Concentration Gradient Salt Water WATER SALT Cover on

What is OSMOSIS? Diffusion of water Water moves from high to low du/class/ryan/pass ive.html WATER Lots of Water Here Not Lots of Water Here

What is the function of membrane? Homeostasis Controls movement of materials in and out of cell Do you remember what organic molecule the membrane is made of?

Lipid Phosphate head Lipids: Phospholipids

Phospholipid Bilayer

FLUID- MOSAIC MODEL

ALSO CONTAINS: proteins: transport, identification, glue cholesterol: used to help keep it “solid” Carbo: cell to cell contact (glycoproteins)

Outside of Cell Inside of Cell

PASSABLE Monomers: amino acids, glucose, glycerol, F.A. H 2 O, CO 2, O 2,

NON-PASSABLE Polymers: starch, proteins, triglycerides charged ions (Na +, Cl - )

What happens when a cell is placed in a solution with the same concentration as inside the cell? Normal Red Blood Cells ISOTONIC SOLUTION The cells stay the same size

What happens when an animal cell is placed in pure water? HYPOTONIC SOLUTION The cells swell Swollen Red Blood Cells

What happens to plants in a hypotonic solution? Plant cell placed in pure water? Will not rupture due to cell wall Turgor Pressure Video

Water Vacuole

Contractile Vacuoles

What happens to an animal cell placed in salt water? HYPERTONIC SOLULTION The cells shrivel up Shriveled Red Blood Cells

Plants in a hypertonic Solution Plant cell placed in salt water? Cytoplasm and membrane shrivel up Cell wall remains in place Plasmolysis

Osmosis in an animal Cell

Osmosis in a Plant Cell

Facilitated Diffusion Faster with help of a protein No chemical reaction NO ENERGY needed! Examples: enzymes and glucose

Facilitated diffusion is very specific

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

What if you need to get molecules to go against diffusion?

Against the concentration gradient Uses energy to “pump” molecules in (or out)

What if the food is too big to fit through the cell membrane? ENDOCYTOSIS 2 TYPES

PHAGOCYTOSIS PSEUDOPODS: false-foot Creates a food vacuole Pinocytosis: cell drinking, small particles

Feeding using pseudopodia (Phagocytosis) You Tube W6rnhiMxtKU&feature=related

What is needed to digest another cell after it is eaten?

Stores strong digestive enzymes

Lysosomes are created from the Golgi Apparatus.

Golgi Body

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EXOCYTOSIS Cell egestion Removal of undigested food Vacuole moves to edge of cytoplasm and opens up Opposite of endocytosis What must a cell do with undigested waste?

Exocytosis