Intelligent Energy: how can Europe work with South Asia? Rainer Sauerborn University of Heidelberg Presentation at South Asia Democratic Forum Conference „The Merits of Regional Cooperation“ Brussels, October 11, 2012

Focus and structure Pattern of energy sources & uses in South Asia Energy dimensions – Security of energy provision – Foreign currency dependence – Energy and deforestation – Energy for economic growth – Energy and Climate – Energy and health What are intelligent policies? Cooperation with EU?

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Security and energy 6

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Health and Energy Cooking with biomass Climate change health effects call for adaptation and active mitigation policies in South Asia 8

Household Energy POVERTY Reduces ability to switch to clean fuel Use restricts economic development POVERTY Reduces ability to switch to clean fuel Use restricts economic development INCOME Simple fuels restrictive Time, poor environment INCOME Simple fuels restrictive Time, poor environment HEALTH Indoor air: ARI, COPD, &c Burns Poisoning HEALTH Indoor air: ARI, COPD, &c Burns Poisoning ENVIRONMENT Local - supply and erosion Global ENVIRONMENT Local - supply and erosion Global WOMEN Opportunity cost of lost time Injury & violence Decision making WOMEN Opportunity cost of lost time Injury & violence Decision making

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Case study: Health effects of indoor air pollution, India 650 m people cook with biomass =85% of all energy used in India Health effects: indoor air pollution>smoking 5-6% of total disease burden WBGU, 2003

Case study: India K. Smith, 2000

Deforestation 14

Main medium term health impacts of climate change Injuries/accidents Direct heat effects Diarrhea Vector-borne diseases Malnutrition 15 Margarete Chan, Director of WHO, 2008 All are highly relevant for South Asia Lag time Days Weeks Months Years

Health impacts of climate change Density equalling cartogram. WHO regions scaled according to estimated mortality (per million people) in the year 2000, attributable to the climate change that occurred from 1970s to Gibbs et al, in prep.

Emissions of greenhouse gases Density equalling cartogram. Countries scaled according to cumulative emissions in billion tonnes carbon equivalent in Gibbs et al, in prep. Cumulative emissions: the perpetrators Research output on health impact & adaptation

Europe’s objective By the year 2020 reduce greenhouse gases by 20% increase the share of renewables to 20% improve energy efficiency by 20% 18 Total budget till million €

19 Intelligent energy (policy) > Kirk Smith, 2012

Transforming energy systems: 20

Unintelligent disparity between emission reduction potential and research efforts 21 Kirk Smith, 2012

What it takes- in Europe and in South Asia Political will Behavioral change by individuals & households Technology (smart grids, smart meters..) Research Resource mobilization 22 Thank you!