HUMAN ANATOMY JOINTS (aka… articulations).

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Presentation transcript:

HUMAN ANATOMY JOINTS (aka… articulations)

LATIN TERMS that you will find very helpful in remembering JOINTS! Arthros = joint Syn = together Amphi = both sides Dia = through Sub = below Dis = not Planta = sole In = into

TYPES OF JOINTS Use pg. 268 in your book to identify the various types of joints & examples per the human body!

“Synarthrosis” “Amphiarthrosis” “Diarthrosis” (synovial joints) e. Ellipsoid/Condyloid: wrist f. Gliding: metatarsals & phalanges

Accessory Structures TENDONS: cartilage that connect skeletal muscle to bone Pass across or around joint Can limit range of motion Provide support

Dis-stabilizing Joints Dislocation (luxation) Articulating bones are forced out of position by extreme stress Can cause damage to cartilage, ligaments or distort the joint cavity Subluxation Partial dislocation Less severe “double-jointed” persons more likely to suffer subluxation

Synovial Joint Please fill in the back Movements of your Joints wkst! Pg. 263-267 Synovial Joint Movements Please fill in the back of your Joints wkst! Gliding: 2 surfaces slide past each other Circumduction: circular movement of a body part; a combination of flexion, extension, adduction, & abduction Rotation: motion that occurs when a part turns on its axis

Synovial Joint Please fill in the back Movements of your Joints wkst! Pg. 263-267 Synovial Joint Movements Please fill in the back of your Joints wkst! Flexion/extension/ hyperextension Flexion: bending movement that decreases the angle between 2 parts Extension: straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts Hyperextension: movement beyond the normal position

Synovial Joint Please fill in the back Movements of your Joints wkst! Pg. 263-267 Synovial Joint Movements Please fill in the back of your Joints wkst! Supination/pronation Supination: rotation of forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly (up) Pronation: rotation of forearm that moves the palm from an anterior-facing position to a posterior-facing position (down) Opposition: motion involving a grasping of the thumb & fingers

Synovial Joint Movements Inversion/eversion Retraction/protraction Pg. 263-267 Synovial Joint Movements Inversion/eversion Inversion: movement of sole of foot towards median plane Eversion: movement of sole of foot away from median plane Retraction/protraction Retraction: posterior movement of arms at the shoulders Protraction: anterior movement of arms at the shoulders

Synovial Joint Movements Depression/elevation Pg. 263-267 Synovial Joint Movements Depression/elevation Depression: movement in an inferior direction Elevation: movement in a superior direction Dorsiflexion/plantar flexion Dorsiflexion: extension of entire foot superiorly Plantar flexion: flexion of entire foot inferiorly Lateral flexion: flexion from side to side

Synovial Joint Movements Abduction/adduction Pg. 263-267 Abduction: motion that pulls a structure or part away from the midline of the body Adduction: motion that pulls a structure or part towards the midline of the body