Relative Formula Mass expressed in grams

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Presentation transcript:

Relative Formula Mass expressed in grams The relative formula mass of a molecule or compound can be expressed in grams. The relative formula mass measured in grams is called one mole of the substance.

Calculate relative formula masses and express them in grams Hydrogen Chloride HCl 36.5 g Carbon Dioxide CO2 44 g 63 g Nitric Acid HNO3 Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3 106 g

The relative formula mass of all gases expressed in grams has a certain volume Volume = 22.4 dm3 at 0oC Volume = 24 dm3 at 20oC 1 dm3 (=1 litre) is about the size of a very big glass of water

Here are examples Mass Volume 2 g H2 gas = 24 dm3 (22.4 dm3) 44 g CO2 gas = 24 dm3 (22.4 dm3) 16 g O2 gas = 12 dm3 (11.2 dm3) 34 g NH3 gas = 48 dm3 (44.8 dm3)

Calculating masses when given volumes (use 24 dm3) Volume Mass 3 dm3 Oxygen gas = 4 g 7 g 6 dm3 Nitrogen gas = 142 g 48 dm3 Chlorine gas = 66 g 36 dm3 Carbon Dioxide =

Using balanced equations The big numbers in front of the reactants and products in balanced chemical equations show the reacting ratios. H2 + O2 = H2O 2 2 2(1x2)g H2 + 1(2x16)g O2 = 2(1x2+16)g H2O 4g H2 + 32g O2 = 36g H2O 48 dm3 H2 + 24 dm3 O2 = 48 dm3 H2O

Calculate the ratio of atoms in compounds from supplied masses or % composition (empirical formulae) Sodium Oxide Sodium 46g Oxygen 16g Sodium 23 46/23 = 2 Oxygen 16 16/16 = 1 Formula for Sodium Oxide Na2O