AP United States History Review #8 Nationalism and Economic Development

Effects of the War of 1812 U.S. gained respect of other nations Federalist party came to an end U.S. took steps toward industrial self- sufficiency Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison become political leaders Rise of nationalism Future of the U.S. lay in the west (Manifest Destiny)

Era of Good Feelings Described James Monroe’s two terms in office ( ) One party in power – Democratic- Republicans

Sectionalism Loyalty to a part of the nation but not the nation as a whole Especially true of the interests of the North, South, and West

James Monroe 5 th president – Supported growing nationalism Acquired Florida (Adams-Onis Treaty) Missouri Compromise Monroe Doctrine

Cultural Nationalism Era of unlimited prosperity Westward expansion Promoted in art by Gilbert Stuart, Charles Wilson Peale, and John Trumball Parson Mason Weems wrote about Washington Expanding public education promoted patriotism

Economic Nationalism Protecting U.S. industries and subsidizing internal improvements Tariff of 1816 – first protective tariff to protect against British goods. Supported by South and West. New England opposed Henry Clay’s American System – protective tariffs (1816), national bank (1816 – Second Bank of United States), internal improvements. First two already in, last would be viewed as unconstitutional.

Panic of 1819 Caused by Second Bank of U.S. Tightened credit to control inflation State banks closed Value of money fell Unemployment, bankruptcies, debtors’ prison Worst in West – call for land reform, opposition to BUS, and debtors’ prison Nationalism shaken

Decisions of the Marshall Court Fletcher v. Peck (1810) – declared a state law unconstitutional Dartmouth College v. Woodward – contract for a private corporation could not be altered by the state McCulloch v. Maryland – U.S. government had implied powers to create BUS Gibbons v. Ogden – federal government controls interstate commerce

Missouri Compromise (1820) Tallmadge amendment –No further slaves in Missouri –Slave children freed at 25 Henry clay proposes Missouri Compromise –Missouri a slave state –Maine as free state –No slavery north of –Preserves the sectional balance –Increased sectionalism

Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) Limited naval armaments on the Great Lakes b/t US and Great Britain

Florida Purchase Treaty (1819) AKA Adams-Onis Treaty Spain gave Florida and all claims to Oregon territory

Monroe Doctrine (1823) British wanted to be in it with us Sec. of State John Adams advised against it b/c Britain would restrict U.S. opportunities for further expansion Doctrine declared the US was opposed to any foreign intervention in the W. hemisphere

National (Cumberland) Road Maryland to Illinois Used federal and state money to build it

Erie Canal (1825) Linked western farmers to eastern markets in New York Canals stimulated trade, improved transportation, and lower food prices

Robert Fulton Steamboat travel Made shipping faster and cheaper

Eli Whitney Cotton gin made cotton profitable Increase in slavery Interchangeable parts

Samuel Slater Established first factory with cotton- spinning machines

Factory System New England Ran on water system Banking and insurance grew as a result

Lowell System Used women in factories and housed them in dorms

Unions Around by 1790s Discontent among factory workers Wanted a ten hour work day

Market Revolution Specialized jobs on farms, growth of cities, industrialization, and modern capitalism Female labor increased – domestic labor or teaching Wages improved for most workers and greater economic opportunities Slavery grew as a result of the increased value of slavery