As American as apple pie.  A set of 12 tracts published from 1910 – 1915 under the editorship of A. C. Dixon called “The Fundamentals.”

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Religious Fundamentalism

Presentation transcript:

As American as apple pie

 A set of 12 tracts published from 1910 – 1915 under the editorship of A. C. Dixon called “The Fundamentals.”

 Naïve literalism  Biblical inerrancy  19 th century millenarianism

 There are seven ages of human history – “dispensations.”  We live in the sixth age – the age of grace.  Soon this will end and we will enter a final period of tribulation – the millennium.

 The faithful would suddenly disappear at the start of the millennium.  It was important to calculated the date accurately from evidence in the Bible.  For this reason it was necessary to read the Bible literally.

 After WW I it seemed something had gone terribly wrong.  Social exclusion – the loss of the “old order.”  Shift from an agrarian society to an urbanized, industrialized society.  Less educated people were not able to follow the “higher criticism.”

 High school textbooks were being written by NE elite intellectuals.  The remedy – ban the teaching of fundamentalism!

 In 1925 Tennessee passed the Butler Act forbidding the teaching of evolution in public high school.  The ACLU was looking for a test case. John Scopes volunteered to be the plaintiff. Dayton was chosen for the trial.  All Hell broke loose.

 Clarence Darrow, a famous (or infamous) trial lawyer was the defense attorney.  William Jennings Bryan was the attorney for the prosecution.  There was so much publicity that the courtroom threatened to collapse.

 Scopes was found guilty and fined $100.  The conviction was later overturned on a technicality.  The Butler laws stayed on the books until 1965 when the Supreme Court declared them unconstitutional.

 A new strategy – equal time should be given for classroom instruction in evolution and “creation science.”  What’s that?

 General creationists: affirm only in a nonspecific way that God is the ultimate creator.  Special creationists: assign Him one or more “special” roles in creation.

 Special creationists  Progressive creationists: interpret the six days of Genesis allegorically.  Some view God’s actions as single or very few.  Others a large, perhaps infinite number of acts.  Strict creationists  One group adheres to the gap theory: a long epoch between the initial creation and the six days.  Young earth creationists reject geological time.

 Represents strict creationists, biblical literalists, generally of the young earth variety.  In 1987 the Supreme Court recognized creation science as a religious doctrine not a science.  Most major Christian denominations lined up with the Supreme Court on this issue.  “Intelligent design” is the latest creationist strategy.