Wave Physics PHYS 2023 Tim Freegarde

2 Continuity conditions various derivations and forms typically:one condition derived from balance of forces conservation of momentum the two conditions combined conservation of energy reduce to equations of the form where are combinations of material properties

3 Continuity conditions for a boundary at between regions A and B: transverse waves on a string:electromagnetic waves:non-normal incidence:sound waves:thermal waves:

4 Reflection at an interface combine forward and reflected waves to give total fields for each region apply continuity conditions for separate components hence derive fractional transmission and reflection

5 Impedance sound waves: thermal waves:transverse waves on a string:electromagnetic waves: at interface between two media:

6 Electromagnetic waves at a normal interface combine forward and reflected waves to give total fields for each region apply continuity conditions for separate components hence derive fractional transmission and reflection continuity conditions: parameters:

7 7 Newton’s rings diffuser beam-splitter lens plate apply to sinusoidal waves by taking into account the phase with which components arrive combine by adding the amplitudes contributions may therefore interfere constructively or destructively

8 Phase change upon reflection phase change if for electromagnetic waves in non-magnetic media

9 9 Brewster’s angle reflected light fully (s-) polarized