On Monday, you will review one of the five senses and provide an example of an animal with a modified version of that sense.

Auditory systems use mechanoreceptors to sense sound pressure waves Sound is transmitted through alternating pressures frequency = pitch amplitude = volume Cilia are hair-like projections of the plasma membrane. Stereocilia on auditory nerve cells pick up sound vibrations

Touch systems use various receptors together to create physical sensations Mechanoreceptors sense stretch, pressure, and vibrations

Touch systems use various receptors together to create physical sensations Thermoreceptors sense temperature Nociceptors sense pain

Visual systems use photoreceptors to detect light energy frequencies Light is electromagnetic energy

Different wavelengths are perceived as different colors.

Two types of photoreceptors Rods: sensitive to the amount of light Cones: sensitive to different colors Human have cones that detect red, blue, and green

Taste systems use chemoreceptors to detect specific chemicals “Flavor” can be found in foods by the chemical compounds that make up the food. Taste receptor nerves sense four different tastes (bitter, sour, salty, sweet) through taste pores on the tongue

Olfactory systems use chemoreceptors to detect specific chemicals Everything is made up of chemical compounds Smells are detected by specific proteins on the cilia of olfactory receptor cells