History of the Modern World Now! Mrs. McArthur Walsingham Academy Room 111 Mrs. McArthur Walsingham Academy Room 111

The New Face of Europe When the Cold War ended, Eastern and Western Europe reunited. This was most evident in the expanding membership of the European Union. While the expansion helps Europe compete with the U.S. and Japan, it has caused difficulties as the different economies and cultures meet. The World Today Section 1: Industrialized Nations After the Cold War, pp Witness History Audio: The Nations of Europe Unite Color Transparency 206: Taipei 101Note Taking Transparency 204 Geography Interactive: The European Union

Global Power Shifts When the Soviet Union broke up, the United States became the world’s only superpower. Russia has struggled with corruption and with maintaining democratic freedoms under Vladimir Putin. The U.S. has used its military might to intervene in struggles in Haiti and the Balkans. The Bush presidents took us to war in the Middle East. All of these activities have brought the deficit to new heights. Section 1: Industrialized Nations After the Cold War Changes in Asia Trade among Pacific Rim nations has grown dramatically. Japan and the four Asian tigers of Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea all export diverse goods to developed nations. Their success is due to low wages, long hours, worker sacrifices, and a focus on education. Progress Monitoring Transparency

Color Transparency 206: Taipei 101

Note Taking Transparency 204

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Ethnic and Religious Conflicts Many recent wars and conflicts have arisen over ethnic or religious differences. In Sri Lanka, Sinhalese Buddhists make up the majority and they have kept the Hindu Tamils from power, leading to civil war. A 2002 agreement to negotiate a separate regional government for the Tamils brought about a ceasefire. In Northern Ireland, Protestants and Catholics have fought over civil rights and the issue of unification with Ireland. In Canada, a peaceful solution was found to end the struggles of those in the French province of Quebec who wanted to maintain their language and culture. Regional Conflicts Section 1: Conflicts Divide Nations, pp Witness History Audio: A Young Girl in Wartime War Ravages Chechnya Muslim Chechen nationalists have tried to free their homeland from Russia. Some Chechens have used terrorism to achieve this goal.

Yugoslavia Breaks Apart Although most Yugoslavians spoke the same language, they had different religions. Each of the six republics had a dominant ethnic group. As the various republics broke away from Yugoslavia, fighting broke out in Croatia, Bosnia, and Serbia. Serbs in Bosnia and Serbia conducted campaigns of ethnic cleansing. NATO was finally able to restore peace. Section 1: Conflicts Divide Nations Color Transparency 194: Conflict in Yugoslavia Geography Interactive: Former Yugoslavia in 2005 Progress Monitoring Transparency Note Taking Transparency 185

Plot this region on your map!

Color Transparency 194: Conflict in Yugoslavia

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Arabs and Israelis Fight Over Land Since Israel was established in 1948, the country has fought Arab forces and gained and given back lands belonging to neighboring countries. The PLO has led a struggle to gain homelands for Palestinians, often using suicide bombers. Progress toward peace has been made since prime minister Ariel Sharon launched a plan to withdraw Israeli settlements form Gaza and since Mahmoud Abbas took Yasir Arafat’s place as head of the PLO. Regional Conflicts Section 3: Conflicts in the Middle East, pp Witness History Audio: Two Peoples Claim the Same Land Color Transparency 198: Israel and the Occupied TerritoriesNote Taking Transparency 187 History Interactive: The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Civil War Ravages Lebanon When Muslim Palestinians migrated to Lebanon, the balance of people of different religions was tipped. Religious tensions erupted into civil war in Although the war ended in 1990, the country’s fate seems tied to peace among its neighbors. Section 3: Conflicts in the Middle East Iraq’s Long History of Conflict For centuries, Sunni Arabs held power in Iraq. They repressed the Kurdish minority and the Shiite Arab majority. Iraqi Dictator Saddam Hussein had U.S. support in a war with Iran over territory. When Hussein invaded Kuwait, however, the U.S. and a coalition of other countries sided with Kuwait and drove Iraq out. They also set up no-fly zones in Iraq to protect the Kurds and Shiites. Iraq was forbidden to develop weapons of mass destruction, but would not cooperate with inspectors from the UN. In 2003, U.S.-led coalition forces occupied Iraq and then imprisoned Hussein. Efforts to rebuild the country have been thwarted by guerilla attacks.

Color Transparency 198: Israel and the Occupied Territories

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Regional Conflicts: Section 3 Color Transparency 197: Ethnoreligious Groups in Iraq

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Diversity Brings Challenges Europeans drew borders in the Middle East that divided the homelands of some people and established a new country for the Jews. Kurds—who now live in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey—have been persecuted and would like to have their own country. Jewish people were encouraged to settle in the former British Palestine, driving away the Palestinians who had lived there and causing wars and tension in the Middle East. New Nations Emerge Section 4: The Modern Middle East, pp Witness History Audio: Remembering Nasser Note Taking Transparency 184

Conflicts Over Resources and Religion The oil reserves and regions of the Middle East have played important roles in world affairs. OPEC Countries have used embargos to further political aims. Islamic extremists have tried to topple the secular governments of some Middle Eastern nations. In many Islamic countries, the opportunities for women and girls are limited. Section 4: The Modern Middle East Building Nations in the Middle East Middle Eastern nations have faced challenges since World War II. Nationalist Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser led two wars against Israel, while his successor, Anwar Sadat, made peace and brought the country closer to the U.S. Islamists caused problems for Sadat and for his successor, Hosni Mubarak.

Building Nations in the Middle East continued American support of Iran’s Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the shah’s land redistribution program brought opposition from landowners and the Islamic clergy. Eventually the country became an anti-Western Islamic republic. Saudi Arabia is ruled by the Sa’ud family who follow Sunni Islam. The U.S. supports the royal family in return for favorable terms in the oil trade. This relationship has caused attacks within Saudi Arabia and opposition to the royal family. Section 4: The Modern Middle East Progress Monitoring Transparency Geography Interactive: The Middle East Today, pp. 1033

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Assignment 1 1.Complete in-class reading and questions 2.Read text, pp and define 7 terms and answer 3 Checkpoint questions. 3.Study appropriate slides. 4.Section Auto-test

Assignment 2 1.Read text, pp and define 7 terms and answer 3 Checkpoint questions. 2.Map Skills (Europe) 3.Study appropriate slides. 4.Section Auto-test

Assignment 3 1.Read text, pp and define 10 terms and answer 3 Checkpoint questions. 2.Study appropriate slides. 3.Map Study (Europe) 4.Section Auto-test

Assignment 4 1.Read text, pp and define 9 terms and answer 4 Checkpoint questions. 2.Study appropriate slides. 3.Section Auto-test 4.In-Class document analysis: 5/11

Project: When Due? Window for placing your PP on my computer: Wed, May 12 - Friday, May 14 Do Not Wait until the last minute. A late project is a citizenship matter.

Project: What is Due? Electronic copy of 12-min. presentation A hard copy: Notes View with full transcription of presentation in Notes 5 multiple choice questions Optional (Due at time of Presentation)

Project: Optional Presentation copy of project including: o Covers as appropriate to format o Electronic copy o Dedication and acknowledgement Successful execution will be counted as an additional (visual) supporting project. In-Class Presentations: May 17-28