COT in the ancient world 4000 B.C.E-600 B,C.E

From 4000 B.C.E- 600 B.C.E in ( choose one region)_____________________________________ and _____________________, however _________________________________________ ContinuitiesChanges Patriarchy Religions (mostly polytheistic) Role of military Reliance on agriculture Nomadic Hunting and gathering Trade Social inequalities Complex governments Role of geography Technologies New religions (Hinduism and Judaism) Writing systems Empires Larger interregional trading networks Decline of earlier groups (Sumerian, Mohenjo-Daro)

Forces of change  Outside invaders  Increased trade  Mixing assimilation (syncretism)  Empires

Forces of continuities  Reliance on resources (including river valleys)  Role of trade ( or lack of for China)  Role of nomads  Importance of religion  Persistence of patriarchy

Outside attackers  Product of geographic vulnerabilities  Trade and prosperity brought incentive for invasion  Debate: did sedentary societies get attacked or were nomads just protecting the encroachment of sedentary societies  Syncretism- two different cultures forming a unique new culture ( Aryan Vedic Age)

Empires: role of military  Iron and chariots contribute to the fall of Egypt and various Mesopotamian civilizations  Hittites ( first to make iron) attacked by their own creation  Aryans control indigenous Indo-Gangetic plain and establish early form of Hinduism  Phoenicians- establish trading Empire in Mediterranean (carrying civilization)  Persians- free Hebrews, tolerance carries into the classical age.

Continuities  Religion and politics still essential (Persia, Egypt, Olmec, Chavin)  Isolation contributes to further continuities (Olmec, Chavin, China)  Patriarchy denied women access to political, economic and cultural institutions.  Although the pattern of trade changed when political stability was lost, it still persisted

Choose one region and develop a COT thesis From 1500 B.C.E.-500 B.C.E in the Middle East, the geographic Vulnerabilities led to the fall of civilizations like Egypt and Mesopo- Tamia to invaders, the development of a tolerance policy of Persia Would encourage diffusion of ideas, however, the river would still Maintain a vital source for fresh water and other resources

Ancient Polycentric Regions  East Asia- Shang, Zhou  South Asia- Mohenjo Daro and Harappa, Aryan  Middle East- Egypt, Mesopotamia (Sumeria,Akkad,Babylon,Hittites,Hebrews,Assyrians, Phoenicians, Chaldeans)  Latin America- Olmec (Mexico) Chavin/Norte Chico (Andes)  Sub-Saharan Africa- Bantu  Mediterranean- Minoans, Phoenicians

 In East Asia from 4000 B.C.E- 600 B.C.E the dynastic rule would govern China with an emphasis on the role of family and the male as the head of the household, however, the Zhou Dynasty’s application of the Mandate of Heaven would provide a framework for subsequent dynastic succession.  In South Asia from 4000 B.C.E- 600 B.C.E the vulnerability to seasonal monsoon winds and reliance of agricultural products like rice and cotton would remain, however, the Aryan conquest of the Indo-Gangetic plains would create a new enduring social structure ( caste) reinforced by new religious values (Hinduism)  In the Middle East in the ancient world the unpredictable nature of the Tigris and Euphrates flooding as well as lacking of natural boundaries would see the rise and fall of Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians and Persians, however the use of codified laws written cuneiforms and dominant patriarchy would persist throughout the ancient world.  In the Mediterranean from 4000 B.C.E -600 B.C.E the trading patterns would transfer from the river valley civilizations to the carriers of civilization ( Phoenicians), the technologies would be drastically altered from shipping to Phoenician alphabet, however, the agricultural products of cereal grains and textiles would maintain as staple commodities.  IN Latin America from 4000 B.C.E -600 B.C.E the pattern of settlement would be slower than other civilization due to geographic challenges but polytheism will maintain its dominance to identify the vulnerable relationship between the Chavin and Olmec and their deities based on natural phenomena, the reliance on trade to get goods from market to market would still be important, however the addition of recorded data like the quipu in Chavin or Hieroglyph in Olmec illustrated a independent innovation which would facilitate a pattern of overcoming geographic obstacles.

Words to express change/continuity: ChangeContinuity Modify After Evolves Emerged Flux Differed Adapt Reform Turning point Transform Varies Shifted Still Maintained Constant Throughout Remained Continued Stable Status Quo Secure Invariable Consistent The whole time Carried over

Annotated Timeline : Purpose is to illustrate key themes, developments, vocabulary People places and things from a particular unit. It also allows students to work together to sort through review Materials to identify strengths and areas in need for improvement. Is a review for the unit test. Please choose 4 of the following Illustrations: Acrostic poem Political cartoon Old School timeline Advertisement Facebook Page Yik Yak Page (anonymous) Cartoon Diary entry Archaeological magazine article Movie poster map 1-Interaction between humans and the environment 2.Development and interaction of cultures 3.state-building expansion and conflict 4.Creation, expansion and interaction of economic Systems. 5.Development and transformation of social struct ures