From City-States to Gilgamesh

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Presentation transcript:

From City-States to Gilgamesh Mesopotamia From City-States to Gilgamesh

Essential Questions How did environment affect the early Mesopotamian civilizations, including culture and technology? How did the Mesopotamian system of city-states affect technology, culture, and modern Middle East relations ? How do city-states relate to Civilization?

Mesopotamia Land between the rivers (Tigris and Euphrates) “Fertile Crescent” Modern day Iraq Sumer – *1st Civilization

The Rise of City-States City-state = a city with political and economic control over the surrounding area Huh? In English = small like a city but has own government, military, economy, and identity (not part of a state or country) Eridu, Ur, Uruk

Building of city-states Walled cities (made of mud brick) Why mud brick? Close to water Euphrates flooded Explanation Angry gods How do you appease them?

Ziggurats Physical, economic, political, and spiritual center of city-state Top of ziggurat was a temple Gods and Goddesses in complete control Allowed mortals power (kingship was divine (theocracy = gov’t by divine authority) Uruk dedicated to Ishtar

Accomodated Farming Economy based chiefly on farming until… Trade and industry develop…leads to Development of technology such as… Wheel (Wheeled carts for easier transportation) and… Advanced weapons which leads to… Warfare and competition

Slavery Very common in ancient world (agriculture-based societies) NOT racially based In Sumer slaves 1 of 3 social classes Nobles (kings, priests, priestesses) Commoners