Basic Chemistry Atom Building block of all matter Over 100 elements HONC, PS are 6 elements most commonly found in living organisms Molecule Combination.

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Presentation transcript:

Basic Chemistry Atom Building block of all matter Over 100 elements HONC, PS are 6 elements most commonly found in living organisms Molecule Combination of atoms by chemical bonds CO 2, H 2 O, C 6 H 12 O 6, O 2 O 2 is a molecule but not a compound. Explain.

Mixtures Combination of more than one type of molecule Solution Homogeneous and clear solute solvent The solute is dissolved in the solvent Sea water, Kool-Aid

Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixture Inconsistent and cloudy Muddy water, Blood, Soil

Chemical Reactions The rearrangement of atoms 6 CO H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O O 2 (Reactants) (Products)

Chemical Reactions Exothermic Reaction Energy is released Endothermic Reaction more energy is used than produced. Activation Energy Energy req’d to start rxn Catalyst Decreases AE Speeds up rxns Energy Time

H 2 O + H = H 3 O + OH -

Acids and Bases Dissociation of water H 2 O  H + + OH - pH Scale (each step is multiple of 10) Acid pH < 7 More H + than OH - Base pH > 7 More OH - than H

Chemical Reactions Review In an endothermic reaction where is the heat going to, the system or the environment? NH 4 NO 3 +heat  NH NO CO H 2 O + heat  C 6 H 12 O O 2 Is energy mostly released or absorbed? Is this reaction exergonic or endergonic? Where does the absorbed energy go?