Forum on Internet of Things: Empowering the New Urban Agenda Geneva, Switzerland, 19 October 2015 Cooperation and Opportunities for Standards in the New Urban Agenda Dave Welsh, Corporate Standards, Microsoft Corporation

Drivers shaping the Smart Cities landscape * United Nations, Population Division, World Urbanization Projects, 2014 Revision

The Different Stakeholders in a Smart City (a complex interaction of systems of systems) People or citizens : People are one of the major customers of a city since most are residents; many may pay taxes to the city; and several experience the city as a visitor. Industry or enterprises : Industries or enterprises which have or plan to have activities in a city are essential for the city. It is an important to attract and industries or enterprises who play an essential part in the economy and functions of the city. City authorities : are usually the administrators that regulate operation of a city (effective leadership of city authorities remains a challenge in some parts of the world). Infrastructure operators : The operators are the direct providers of city services. They are stakeholders to which the city's performances are closely related. They may be under contract to, regulated or steered by, city authorities. Product, service and solution providers : Although product, service and solution providers are not always the direct providers of community services, they provide machines, components, systems, services and solutions which are necessary for infrastructure operators to provide city services. Financial institutions and investors : As the construction and operation of a city tend to involve large scale, long- span projects, the role of financial institutions and investors is essential. Others : may include advisers, analysts, and press – all of whom have a bearing on the thinking process of the city.

ISO Smart Cities “Working Definition” WORKING DEFINITION: A “SMART CITY” should be described as one that: – dramatically increases the pace at which it improves its sustainability and resilience, – by fundamentally improving how it engages society, how it applies collaborative leadership methods, how it works across disciplines and city systems, and how it uses data and integrated technologies, – in order to provide better services and quality of life to those in and involved with the city (residents, businesses, visitors). Building on ISO Guide 82 on Sustainability and ISO Guide 73 on Resilience, a Smart City has … …. PURPOSE: accelerated improvement in sustainability and resilience ….. COMMON MEANING: sustainability is the destination, smart is the accelerator ….. CHARACTERISTICS: People-centric (citizens, businesses, workers, residents, visitors, etc.); well led and governed; inclusive and open (to all people and to new ideas); transparent in communications and operations; secure in respect of personal information; supported by integrated services and infrastructure; and pro-active in learning and developing

Coherent Portfolio of Guidance on Smart Cities Rec 3 : Decide how best to establish cross-SDO mechanisms – an effective operating model for alignment and collaboration. demand-side survey made very clear that SDOs were not front of mind to cities. Rec 4 : Develop a ‘common language’ within the SDO community, which recognizes the diversity of cities. There are many tens of alternative smart city definitions available to stakeholders An ‘organizing framework’ that goes deeper to help plan, steer, and communicate the deliverables from the various SDOs New Work Item being proposed from the US TAG to ISO TC268 “Common Descriptive Framework and Ontology for Cities”

Cooperation and Opportunities of Standards (What it means for ISO and other SDO’s) “The range of needs and diversity of stakeholders required in such an overarching holistic approach needed by Smart Cities cannot be addressed today by any one single supplier ” Support regulatory requirements – ‘rules’ Support implementation of policy (from supra-national to local level) Offer tools to support strategic decision making around priorities, direction and roadmap Support assessment, evaluation, and comparison Provide inspiration and guidance noting that cities seek to address innovation Capture good practices to help cities learn from other cities Provide frameworks and detail for design purposes Reduce long and short-term costs (purchase costs, operations and time) Strengthen the case for funding (strategic lever for urbanization)

Example: Authentication in a Distributed IoT Environment As IoT grows, ensuring device authentication is crucial No single method for peer authentication and end-to-end data protection Inconsistent authentication frameworks lead to interoperability and trust deficit issues Industry Consortia are working on domain specific security standards, for example SAE J3061: Cybersecurity Guidebook for Cyber-Physical Vehicle Systems J3101: Requirements for Hardware- Protected Security for Ground Vehicle Systems J2945: Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) Minimum Performance Requirements