The World Wide Web 1

Structure for the Internet The Internet is organized around four network access points (NAPs). A different company operates each of these NAPs. These companies sell access to the Internet through their NAPs to organizations and businesses. 2

Structure of the Internet Network Access Points On The Internet Backbone 3

How the Internet Works What is an Internet service provider (ISP)? A business that has a permanent Internet connection Provides temporary connections to individuals and companies for free or for a fee 4 Regional ISP Provides access to the Internet through one or more telephone numbers local to a specific geographic location National ISP Provides local telephone numbers in most major cities and towns nationwide May also provide a toll-free number p. 2.5 Next

How the Internet Works How can you connect to the Internet? 5 High speed connection Employees Computers part of a local area network (LAN) Connect to service provider through a high-speed connection line leased from local telephone company Dial-up access Home or small business Computer, modem, regular telephone line Dial into an ISP or OSP Newer high-speed technologies Home and small business Digital subscriber line (DSL) – provides high-speed Internet connections over regular copper telephone line Cable modem- provides high-speed Internet connections through cable television network

How the Internet Works What is an Internet protocol (IP) address? Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet Four groups of numbers, each separated by a period Number in each group is between 0 and IP address first part identifies network last part identifies specific computer

Tim Berners-Lee Created the World Wide Web 7  Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at MIT

How the Internet Works What is a domain name? Text version of an IP address Components are separated by periods Each domain name represents one or more IP addresses 8 IP address Domain name

How the Internet Works What is a top-level domain (TLD) abbreviation? Identifies the type of organization associated with the domain Sometimes called dot com when TLD is com 9 TLD AbbreviationType of Domain ComCommercial organizations, businesses, and companies EduEducational institutions GovGovernment agencies MilMilitary organizations NetNetwork provider OrgNon-profit organizations

The World Wide Web What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)? Unique address for a Web page Browser retrieves a Web page by using the URL Also called a Web address Type the URL into the address text box on the browser and press the Enter key to display a Web page 10 address text box

The World Wide Web What are the parts of a URL? 11 protocoldomain namepath Click to view Web Link then click URLs

History of the Internet Who controls the Internet? The Internet is a public, cooperative, and independent network No single entity controls or owns the Internet Several organizations advise and define standards 12 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Oversees research and sets standards and guidelines Internet2 (I2) Internet-related research and development project Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies

The World Wide Web What is the World Wide Web (WWW)? Also known as the Web A worldwide collection of electronic documents Each document on the Web is called a Web page Can contain text, graphics, sound, and video Can contain built-in connections to other documents A Web site is a collection of related Web pages 13

The World Wide Web What is a Web browser? Also called a browser 14  Software program that allows you to access and view Web pages  Two popular browsers for personal computers Chrome Internet Explorer p. 2.9 Fig. 2-6 Next

The World Wide Web What is downloading? 15 The process of receiving information, such as a Web page, onto your computer from a server on the Internet Can take from a few seconds to several minutes You can speed up the display of pages by turning off the graphics and displaying only text in most Web browsers

The World Wide Web What is a hyperlink? Also called a link Built-in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page Allows you to obtain information in a nonlinear way

The World Wide Web What is a search engine? A software program you can use to find Web sites, Web pages and Internet files 17 Search text A word or phrase entered in the search engine’s text box Also called keywords Spider A program that reads pages on Web sites in order to find Web pages that contain the search text Also called a crawler or bot 25 Facts About WWW

Quiz Monday Topics: Internet Networking Protocols Sources: Blown to Bits reading Definitions packet Chapters 15 and 16 of textbook Documents and powerpoints posted on website TCP/IP OSI foldable 18 Format: T/F, MC, Short answer, Long answer

a contagious idea 7 min om/watch?v=IaypOoVh qWc 19