Terminology Management in Social Sciences: The case of migration terminology Elpida Loupaki Assistant Professor Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Contents 1. Identity of the project: a) IATE, terminology database b) IATE projects c) Participants in the project d) Domain e) Methodology f) Deliverables: Data categories 2. Terminology Management and Migration 3. Challenges in managing terminological resources: a) Term selection

Contents b) Non-efficiency of term extractors c) Lack of equivalence d) Credibility of resources e) Lack of consolidation 4. Conclusions

Identity of the project

Inter-Active Terminology for Europe  1, 5 million concepts, more than 8, 7 million terms  Database partners are: 1) European Commission, 2) European Parliament, 3) European Council, 4) Court of Justice, 5) Court of Auditors, 6) Economic and Social Committee, 7) Committee of the Regions, 8) European Central Bank, 9) European Investment Bank and 10) Translation Centre for the Bodies of the EU.

IATE projects What they are about? Students work on terminology projects, following the requirements for IATE terminology work and the respective guidelines, researching and documenting terms in a main source language and a target language of their choice. Why doing it? Real-life experience of terminology research. Use of the interactive version of IATE database. Certificate of participation in a European project.

Project nameIATE terminology project PartnersEuropean Parliament, TermCoord & Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, MA in Translation ObjectiveContribution to IATE by 180 terms DomainMigration & Human trafficking Terminology team18 postgraduate students Project coordinatorElpida Loupaki, Assistant Professor Institutional supervisorViolina Stamtcheva, TermCoord External expertsKostandinos Tsitselikis, Associate Professor in Human Rights & the DGTRAD TermEL

TermCoord, European Parliament The Terminology Coordination Unit of the European Parliament coordinates the terminology produced by the translation units by some 1200 translators and assistants in 24 languages through the interactive database IATE. In 2013 the EP translated 2,3 million pages. IATE contains 11,5 million terms and 250 to 350 terms are added every day by the 13 partner Institutions and Services contributing to IATE; Its public version offers for free 8,5 million validated terms to all of you.

MA in Translation, AUTH  Partners= Schools of English, French, German and Italian Language  Aim= to provide students with solid foundations in order to become professional translators  Curriculum= includes courses such as General Translation, Specialized Translation, IT in Translation, Terminology Research and Documentation  EMT Label

Domain  5,6 millions of new migrants in Europe (UN, DESA 2009)  Greece = gateway (FRONTEX)  By 2001, 44% of the developed countries ≠ 6% in 1976 (UNESCO)

Methodology

Data categories  Language Level: the definition of the concept, the reference of the definition & a note. “Definitions must be similar in all languages and applicable to all terms on the same record. Ideally definition would be placed in the Language- Independent Level. However, to allow a definition in each language, the definitions in IATE appear in the Language Level” (internal document)

Term Level  At term level, information available was the term itself, a reference to the term, a context of use and a reference of the context.

Terminology Management and Social Sciences

Terminology Management  Terminology management is “any deliberate manipulation of terminological information” Wright & Budin, 1997:1 a) Descriptive Terminology Management, terminology products for both subject-field experts and lay practitioners, such as translators, technical writers or students. b) Prescriptive Terminology Management, normative approach within the framework of standardization bodies such as the ISO. Descriptive Terminology Management

Methodology of DTM Identify the key works in the field.Identify the basic concepts of the field.Find the definition of these concepts.Find the terms used to describe the concepts.Select contexts of use.

Typology of migration texts Legal texts EU documents (directives, resolutions, regulations, CJEU rulings, conventions) Greek documents (official gazette) Administrative texts Public services reports, police instructions, frontier authorities documents, health services guides Academic texts Academic papers in the subject matter of migration, seen from different scientific angles General public texts NGOs information leaflets, NGOs reports, glossaries, press articles, university course descriptions, blogs

Terminology Inconsistencies Term ENGTerm ELBack translation pink card/ red card: Ροζ κάρταPink card Undocumented migrant (Vs. illegal/ irregular migrant) Μετανάστης χωρίς νόμιμα έγγραφα (παράνομος μετανάστης) Undocumented migrant (Illegal migrant)

Challenges in managing terminological resources

Term selection  “Terminologists must select the terms […] based on the objectives and requirements defined for their working environment” Sue Ellen Wright (1997: 13)  Criteria I. Relevance of the domain. II. Identity of the user. III. Frequency and distribution. Marie-Claude L’Homme (2004:57)

IATE: General Input Criteria  Added value  Relevance  Avoidance of duplicates  Accuracy of data  Single concept  Minimum information  Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) ‘Best Practices for Terminologists’, 2008, internal document

Non-efficiency of term extractors  Term extractors used: TerMine, Five Filters, Labstranslated.net, WebCorp  Issues during use: I. Character recognition problems. II. Word Frequency problems.

Lack of Greek equivalent Examples 1 & 2: bush wife--- Definition: girls and women captured and then individually assigned as a ‘bush wife’ to a rebel soldier or commander (UNHRC) child slave---

Credibility of resources Example 3 chain migration = αλυσιδωτή μετανάστευση “ Σε μικρό χρονικό διάστημα η αλυσιδωτή μετανάστευση των αδελφών Μεταξά και η επιχειρηματική οργάνωσή τους θα είναι εντυπωσιακή.” _ [In a short period of time chain migration of Metaxas brothers and their business organisation will be impressive]

Lack of consolidation of the GR term  Example 4: “… βοηθά να αποφεύγεται η " άγρα ασύλου " (asylum shopping) σε άλλα κράτη μέλη …” Eurodac, _Eurodac_report2_summary_EL.pdf  Example 5:  “… την τελευταία τριετία και γίνεται συχνά λόγος περί διαρροής ταλέντων (brain drain)” drain-brain-gain/

Thank you!