TRANSLATION Presented by Mayka Lorena Villarreal

TRANSLATION AND THEORY OF MODELS What is translation: is the activity that comprises the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language – the source text – and the production in another language – the target text or translation.

WHAT IS MODEL READER? The Model Reader is a set of conditions of happiness, textually established, that must be satisfied for a text to be fully actualized in its potential contents.

It could be said then that translation itself is a model. The translated text represents a previous text or prototex. When a text is translated into another language and if it is translated back into the original language it will not be possible to obtain the prototex or original text.

A translation is considered a translation if a social group considers the translation as such.

TRANSLATORS IN SOCIETY To translate is to comunicate. That is why translators are considered as social animals. They are also cultural animals as when translating culture plays an important part in the process.

Now a days translators have access to remote-communication tools such as the telephone, fax and . The use of these tools make the translation a solitary activity by creating a physical distance between the translator and the customer. They also help to decrease the communication costs.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES The percetion is that a translator can find a job fairly easy. Unfortunately this is not always true as it is important to make their names circulate in society. It is also important to create social relationships to become a well-known professional.

EDUCATION For many years there was a lack of translation culture,hence there were no institutions that teached translation. Fortunately now a days there are University Intitutes for translators and interpreters where students can get a diploma in linguistic mediation that includes technical-scientific translation, literary translation and conference interpreting. The students can further obtain a master’s degree.

TYPES OF TRANSLATOR  Translators that work for ompanies to do clerical work and translate or write documents in various languages.  Translators that do freelance translations for the publishing industry.  Technical translators that deal with technical texts.  Literary translators that deal with non-fiction or scientific text.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES  Translator’s cooperatives and associations: profits are distribuited in proportion to availability and capability.  Translations agencies: the translator earns a part of the original compensation while the agency gets a brokerage comission.

PERCEPTION, PRODUCTION, TOOLS AND RECEPTION  PERCEPTION: the translator is the reader of the original text and the author of the translated metatext.  PRODUCTION: analyzes the translation process in which the translated text is created.  TOOLS: paper, computer, internet resources, translation memories, terminological database.  RECEPTION: refers to the way that the translated text enters the receiving culture and is accepted.