History Is the study of people and events of the past… It includes- – WHAT happened – WHY it happened – Definition for notes- – (History is the study of people and events of the past including what happened and why it happened) – Historiography is the study of how history is studied and written.

Historical Method Historical method uses techniques and guidelines by which a historian uses primary sources and other evidence to research and write history.

Historical Method Process 1.Ask Questions- 5 W’s and 1 H and Gather Evidence 2.Create an Inference 3.Evaluate Evidence 4.Corroborate the Evidence 5.Write a Historical Account Note: this is a fluid process

Evidence Evidence - records of the past Primary (sources)- come directly from the past, first hand account Examples include: – Letters, witnesses, diaries, film, etc – Breakfast speech Breakfast speech Secondary (sources)- are second hand accounts, recorded after the event happened at a later time. Examples include: – Textbooks, encyclopedias, etc.

Accounts can be… Objective Account based on facts which are accurate and fair Subjective Account that is influenced by personal opinion and feeling

EVIDENCE MUST BE RELIABLE AND AUTHENTIC Reliable – being able to trust the truth of the source Authentic- real, not fake

Information must corroborate Corroboration is when you find several pieces of evidence that tell the same story.

Perception in History Perception: - process of absorbing and interpreting information through your senses. Inference: - a guess or theory about what happened. Fact: - something that can be proven Frame of Reference: - viewing people and events according to your own personal feelings, values, customs and experiences Cause and Effect: - the events that lead up to or cause another event to happen.

Chronology Chronology is a list of events in the order in which they happened. You must make sure you keep the information “IN CONTEXT” known as its natural setting. Taking information out of its natural setting is known as “OUT OF CONTEXT”.