1:1.618 The Golden Ratios Phi

Golden Rectangle

Fibonacci Numbers The series begins with 0 and 1. Add the last two numbers to get the next. 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987,... A special value, closely related to the Fibonacci series, is called the golden section. This value is obtained by taking the ratio of successive terms in the Fibonacci series:

The golden section is normally denoted by the Greek letter phi. In fact, the Greek mathematicians of Plato's time (400BC) recognized it as a significant value and Greek architects used the ratio 1:phi as an integral part of their designs, the most famous of which is the Parthenon in Athens. Phi was not denoted until early 1900’s, by American Mathematician Mark Barr.

The Great Pyramid of Khufu, Cheops (2560 B.C.)

Parthenon Built under sculptor Phidias, B.C.

Notre Dame, Paris ( Built )

Mona Lisa Leonardo DaVinci ( ; painted )

Saint Jerome Leonardo DaVinci, Unfinished

David Michelangelo ( ) “The proportions of Michelangelo's David conform to the golden ratio from the location of the navel with respect to the height, to the placement of the joints in the fingers.”

Holy Family Michelangelo

Self-portrait Rembrandt ( )

Norham Castle at Sunrise Joseph Mallord William Turner ( )

Bathers Seurat ( )

Place de la Concorde Piet Mondrian ( )

Le Modular Le Corbusier ( )

United Nations Building Le Corbusier was on the International Design Committee for the project (1950)

The Golden Rectangle and the Human Face

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