Lithuanians in Scotland

19th century In Lithuania, they were ruled by Russia and their King (correct name is Tsar). Russification policy (All small minorities, like the Lithuanians had to act Russian.) HAD to speak Russian and follow ALL Russian traditions and cultures.

Unhappy Many hated Tsar Nicholas for this. Forced them to move between 1870 until 1914. Other reasons too: Poverty. Many Lithuanians no better than slaves. No money or stability.

Leith Arrived in Edinburgh, via Leith. Split amongst the Catholic and the Jewish immigrants.

Bellshill Main area was here, just outside of Glasgow. 5000-6000 Lithuanians settled in this area. Coalminers and steel workers.

Arrival Arrived and were recruited by Merry and Cunninghame. Owners of Iron works and coal mines. Not a threat, but were not easily accepted: Tension amongst the Catholics. Scots often viewed immigrants as people who came took away potential employment.

TASK!!!!!!!!!! Using page 80, write down as many notes as you can about how Lithuanians integrated into society.

Religion and Culture Attended Catholic churches, before setting up own churches. St. Kazimir Society; allowed them to socialise and worship. Insurance and friendly societies formed. 1914-two Lithuanian newspapers.

Religion and Culture Owned shops. Dressed in traditional dress. Homes had Lithuanian spoken. Furniture was laid out the same as home. People ate the same and sang Lithuaniam songs.