Cell: the smallest unit of life Discovery of Cells 1665- Robert Hooke was the first to identify and name cells. 1674- Anton van Leeuwenhoek made better.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
A View of the Cell Chapter Seven
Advertisements

Cell Structure & Function
Cells: The Basic Units of Life
The Cell Cells are the basic unit of living things
CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Cells. What is a cell? Structural and functional unit of all organisms. Some can work independently (on their own) to carry out all of life’s processes.
Early Contributions Robert Hooke - First person to see cells, he was looking at cork and noted that he saw "a great many boxes. (1665) Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
BELLRINGER MAKE A QUICK DRAWING OF A PLANT OR ANIMAL CELL IN THE BELLRINGER SECTION OF YOUR NOTEBOOK. USE PG OF YOUR TEXTBOOK TO HELP YOU. LABEL.
“The smallest unit that can carry out all the processes of life.”
L3 Biology Chapter 1 Section 2
Cell Structure & Function BINGO
THE CELL “The smallest unit that can carry out all the processes of life.” Why are they important? Click the pic.
A Tour of the Cell.
“Life is Cellular” Since the invention of the microscope Scientists have been able to discover a world that could have never been imagined.
Cell Structure & Function
Cells.
Cells Theory, Structure, Function. What is a Cell? The smallest unit that can carry on all the processes of life.
Objectives List scientists who contributed to the cell theory
Introduction to Cells and the Microscope. Brief history of cells… 1665 Hooke sees “cells” in cork 1674 Van Leeuwenhoek observes living cells in water.
Chapter 8 n A Tour of the Cell. How can we see cells? n Light microscope – Uses light and lenses to magnify n Electron microscope – Uses beam of electrons.
AIM: How do we describe cells?
CELLS.
CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
Cell Theory Cilia Cell Theory 1. All organisms are made of one or more cells. 2. A cell is the smallest unit of life, that carries out all 6 life processes.
2.02 Structure and Function of Cells Cells are the basic unit of structure for all living things.
The Cell Theory – a timeline Late 1500’s: -first lenses used in Europe -used to determine cloth quality (weave and precision) -combos of lenses gave better.
Bellringer 10/15 What do you think this cartoon is about? What do you think is happening? Reminders: HW #6 on Fri and Lab Fee NOW!
HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW THE CELL?. NUCLEUS Contains DNA – genetic material of the cell 2 membranes surrounding it, the envelope/membrane Controls all of.
Robert Hooke naturalist, philosopher, inventor, architect.... (July 18, March 3, 1703) In 1665 Robert Hooke publishes his book, Micrographia, which.
What do you already know about cells? Cell Probe
Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7 Biology Miller Levine.
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organelle Review. Eukaryotes Plant and Animal Cells. Eukaryotes have a nucleus.
Cells and Cell Organelles
A Spotlight on Research
The Cell Chapter 7. Introduction n Robert Hooke, 1665 observed cork with a microscope and saw tiny boxes - called them cells n Leeuwenhoek observed pond.
Cell Structure. Cell Organelles Little organs- carry out life processes in the cell.
Cells: The Basic Unit of Life
CELLS Chapter 7.1. CELL BIOLOGISTS Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Dutch lens maker who developed the first simple microscope Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Dutch lens.
A Tour of the Cell.
Cell Structure and Function. The “Discovery” of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and identify cork “cells.” 7-1.
Cell Structure & Function
Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”
Chapter 1 C Cells: The Basic Units of Life. Section 1 The Diversity of Cells: Cell – the smallest unit that can perform all the processes necessary for.
Cell SB 1 a Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis and.
The Cell Theory – a timeline Late 1500’s: -first lenses used in Europe -used to determine cloth quality (weave and precision) -combos of lenses gave better.
Cells (Chapter 7.1 & 7.2) 1 Introduction to Cells Cells are the basic units of organisms Cells can only be observed under microscope Basic types of cells:
Unit 4: Cell/Cell Transport 8A Miss Sabia. Essential Question 1.What is a cell? 2.What scientific contributions led to the development of the cell theory?
 The Cell Part 1. Prokaryotic Cells  Prokaryotic cell:  One celled organisms  Lack membrane bound nucleus and organelles  Contains  Cytoplasm 
CELLS. Videos: 00
CHAPTER 6: CELLS P THE CELL THEORY DETERMINED FROM USING BOTH THE LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPES 1. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNITS OF STRUCTURE AND.
A Tour of the Cell.
THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS  Hooke  Robert Hooke discovered cells in slices of cork.  Leeuwenhoek  Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe living.
All Cells have…. Ribosomes - make protein for use by the organism. Cytoplasm - jelly-like goo on the inside of the cell DNA - genetic material Cytoskeleton.
Daily Questions 1.A cell that does not contain a nucleus is a ____________________. 2.The portion of the cell outside the nucleus is the _________________.
Page #Description Date Assigned Point Value Presentation Notes11/710.
The Cell Theory SOL BIO 2a. The Cell Theory  The development and refinement of magnifying lenses and light microscopes made the observation and description.
A View Of The Cell.  Simple light microscope – one lens ◦ Anton van Leeuwenhoek: 1600’s  Compound light microscope – multiple lenses ◦ Maximum Magnification:
Cell Structure & Function
Ch 7 - Cell Structure & Function The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical reactions that occur in specialized.
The Discovery of Cells Later, the observations of Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann (1830’s) lead to the cell theory: All organisms are made of.
Chapter Seven A View of the Cell Free powerpoints at
A View of the Cell Cellular Organization Cell Tissue – group of cells functioning together. Organ – group of tissues functioning together. Organ System.
CELL STRUCTURE Eukaryotic cells contain many organelles: small structures within a cell, sometimes surrounded by a membrane.
Cell Structure And Function.
Unit 4: Cell Structure and Function
*These discoveries lead to the cell theory*
Cells.
Unit 3: Cells 7.1: Life is cellular.
Presentation transcript:

Cell: the smallest unit of life

Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke was the first to identify and name cells Anton van Leeuwenhoek made better lenses and observed cells in greater detail Mathias Schleiden noted that plants are made of cells Theodor Schwann concluded that all living things are made of cells Rudolf Virchow proposed that all cells come from other cells

Cell Theory All organisms are made of cells All existing cells are produced by other living cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life.

Prokaryotic cells Simple cells No nucleus Ex: bacteria Staphylococcus aureus

Prokaryotic Cell

E Coli Bacteria Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria

Eukaryotic Cells More complex Have a true nucleus Make up all living cells other than bacteria

Eukaryotic Cell

Nerve cell Nerve Cell Hair Cell Fingernail White and Red Blood Cells

Similarities and differences between the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Prokaryotic cellsEukaryotic cells Cell size1-10 micrometers micrometers Cell membrane?Yes Membrane-bound organelles? NoYes Have nucleus?NoYes Have cytoplasm?Yes Have DNAYes, in cytoplasmYes, in nucleus ExamplesBacteriaFungi, plants, animals

Cells use three different methods to move themselves or debris

Flagella: long hairlike filaments used by some prokaryotes to move

Flagellum

Cilia: short hairlike projections that some cells use for movement

Pseudopod: false foot

Picture Quiz Identify the cells as prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

Eukaryotic- Mushroom Cell

Eukaryotic- Red blood cells

Prokaryotic- Lactobacilli bacteria

Eukaryotic- fish egg cell

Prokaryotic- MRSA

Prokaryotic- Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria

Eukaryotic- Fern leaf cell

Eukaryotic- taste bud cell

Eukaryotic- Osteocyte (bone cell)

Eukaryotic- cartilage cells

Cell Organelles Specialized cell parts that carry out many different processes and functions.

Cell membrane Barrier around the cell that controls what goes in and out Security Guard

Nucleus Controls most of the cell’s processes Stores DNA Control center or ‘brain’ Nuclear Membrane Separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell

Nucleolus Darker portion inside the nucleus that produces ribosomes

Cytoplasm (cytosol) Jelly-like fluid inside the cell where metabolic processes occur

Ribosome Small organelles that float in the cytoplasm or on the ER that build proteins Cell workers

Endoplasmic Reticulum Produces and transports materials such as proteins Assembly line

Golgi Apparatus (Golgi body) Packages and distributes proteins and lipids Shipping and handling department

Lysosome Stores enzymes and removes worn- out organelles. Mainly in animal cells. Waste disposal unit

Mitochondria Provides energy for the cell Powerhouse or powerplant

Cytoskeleton Thin protein fibers that helps keep the cell’s shape

Centrioles Only found in animal cells that are important for cell division

Cell wall Found only in plant and fungus cells. Provides extra shape, support and protection.

Chloroplast Found only in plant cell. They contain chlorophyll used for photosynthesis

Vacuole Stores water, salts, and wastes. Plants have larger ones Storage unit

Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells Plant CellsAnimal Cells Have a Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and Endoplasmic Reticulum? YES Have a Cell Wall? YESNO Have Lysosomes? NO (rarely)YES Have Vacuoles? YESNone or Small Have Chloroplasts? YESNO

Cellular Differentiation 250 different kinds of cells in the human body Through cellular differentiation, different types of cells are created to carry out specific tasks or functions. In animals the “starter” cells that differentiate are called stem cells In plants those cells are called meristematic cells

Cellular Organization Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms

Image References /characteristics-of-prokaryotic-cells / 59/characteristics-of-prokaryotic-cells /