Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects

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Presentation transcript:

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects Heat is closely related but not the same as temperature Heat is a flow of energy from one object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects If you add energy to heat, at a certain point the energy will go up. Then the temperature will no longer go up and heat will change the physical state of water. (Steam)

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects Heat is always the transfer on energy from an object of an higher temperature to a lower temperature. When energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object, the thermal energy of both of the objects changes.

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects When you put ice cubes in a pitcher of lemonade this is another example of thermal energy Energy is transferred from the warmer lemonade to the colder ice. As energy is transferred the average kinetic energy decreases. Why?

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects The most common units of heat measurement are the calorie and the joule. One calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Everyone thinks of a calorie in terms of food, correct?

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects One calorie is equal to one kilocalorie or 1000 calories This means that one calorie in terms of food contains enough energy to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects Each calorie in food contains 1000 calories of energy They figure a calorie in food by using a calorimeter. They heat the food item such as cake.

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects In the scientific community a joule is used to measure energy

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects One calorie is equal to 4.18 joules The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius is specific heat Basically each substance absorbs a different amount of energy required to increase overall temperature

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects The larger the mass is the more kinetic energy it will have. Therefore the larger item will have a higher specific heat. The temperature of larger bodies of water such as lakes also affect the temperatures of its shores.

Energy flows from warmer to cooler objects During the spring/summer the lake warms slowly which keeps the shore cool During the fall/winter the lake cools slowly, which keeps the shore warmer

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