MUSCULAR SYSTEM

MUSCLES The human body has over 600 muscles All muscles are capable of contracting and relaxing. Muscle makes up 50% of total body weight  Muscle tissue weighs more than fat  The nervous system provides impulse to control muscle contraction.

Functions Body movement Body movement Adequate posture Adequate posture Essential bodily functions Essential bodily functions

TYPES OF MUSCLES (3) Cardiac muscle - involuntary, makes up the walls of the heart Smooth muscle- involuntary, found in blood vessels & intestinal walls & bladder. voluntary, Skeletal muscle – voluntary, responsible for movement, for standing, sitting, body not falling over etc….. Example - biceps

skeletal skeletal Smooth Smooth Cardiac Cardiac

SKELETAL MUSCULAR SYSTEM Voluntary muscles. What makes us able to move.

Structure of muscular system (p.172) Connective Tissue Connective Tissue Cartilage Cartilage Tendons Tendons Ligaments Ligaments

TYPES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS Three types of muscle contractions.

ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS Most common muscle contractions. Muscle length changes. A constant weight. Push-ups, lifting free-weights, throwing kicking etc….. Two types of ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS.

ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS Concentric isotonic contraction – muscle shortens (contracts) during effort – bicep curl. Eccentric isotonic contraction – muscle lengthens during effort – recovery phase in a push-up.

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS Exercises performed against immoveable objects. No change in muscle length Pushing against a wall, holding a cricket bat (forearm muscles holding bat up).

ISOKINETIC CONTRACTIONS Force is developed through out entire range of motion. The amount of force applied by machine equals amount of force applied by muscle. “The harder you push the greater resistance offered by the machine. BEST way to develop strength as works the muscle through the whole range of movement.

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