World History/Cultures Chapter 11 The French Revolution Section 5 Restoring Peace in Europe

 TERMS Reactionary:people who opposed change and wanted a return to absolute monarchs. Reactionary:people who opposed change and wanted a return to absolute monarchs. liberalism: political philosophy accepting the ideas of the enlightment and democratic reforms. liberalism: political philosophy accepting the ideas of the enlightment and democratic reforms. Congress of Vienna:peace conference called to restore order and stability to Europe. Congress of Vienna:peace conference called to restore order and stability to Europe. Prince Metternich:Presided over Congress of Vienna. Prince Metternich:Presided over Congress of Vienna. Metternich System:opposed liberalism & nationalism; maintain absolute monarchs on the thrones of European countries. Metternich System:opposed liberalism & nationalism; maintain absolute monarchs on the thrones of European countries. Concert of Europe:European leaders had regular meetings to preserve peace and settle problems. Concert of Europe:European leaders had regular meetings to preserve peace and settle problems. Congress of Vienna- 1814; delegates from Europe gathered to restore order after 25 years of war. Congress of Vienna- 1814; delegates from Europe gathered to restore order after 25 years of war.

 Mettrenich’s guiding principles  Compensation- countries repaid for war expenses.  Legitimacy- restore power to absolute monarchs.  Balance of Power- no country could dominate Europe.

 Results  France forced to give up all territory they gained. (buffer states created- neutral territories around France).  Pay compensation to other countries for war damages.  Reestablished royal monarchies to power. (Reactionaries)  Established Concert of Europe to maintain peace in Europe.  Tried to stop the rise of nationalism throughout Europe by redrawing boundaries reflecting wishes of rulers not people.  Tried to stop the spread of liberalism.

 Alliances- formed to prevent future revolutions.  Holy Alliance  Ordered by Czar Alexander I.  Called for Christian rulers to cooperate as a union.  Pope and Great Britain refused to join.  Quadruple Alliance  Great Britain, Austria, Prussia & Russia.  Maintain settlements of Congress of Vienna.  Meet periodically to discuss security.  No Bonaparte could rule.

 Concert of Europe  Regular meetings held by members of the Alliance to keep stability in Europe. **Peace years!  Metternich System  System of beliefs.  Opposed to liberalism and nationalism.  Defended absolute monarchs right to rule.

 Opposition  German students demonstrate for liberalism and nationalism.  Carlsbad Decree 1819  Censorship of publications.  Suppressed freedom of speech.  Spanish Colonies in Latin America (Central and South America) revolted against Spain in 1820’s.  Greece won independence in 1829.