The Nation’s Beginnings Section 1: Page 3 The Nation’s Beginnings On the eve of their interaction, Native American, West African, and European peoples live in complex societies. NEXT

“I Can Identify the reasons for Colonization of the Americas” Learning Target “I Can Identify the reasons for Colonization of the Americas” “I Can evaluate the impact of Colonization to the Americas” Objective Identify the reasons for Colonization of the Americas and evaluate its impact. NEXT

VOCABULARY TERMS: Analysis Bering Strait Diverse Conquistador Plague You have 5 Minutes VOCABULARY TERMS: Analysis Bering Strait Diverse Conquistador Plague Columbus Middle Passage New England Renaissance

Exploration and the Colonial Era, Beginnings to 1763 Native Americans develop complex societies. Starting in 1492, Europeans and then Africans bring their cultures to the New World. British colonies thrive, and Britain dominates North America after defeating France at war. Native Americans observing the arrival of a European ship. NEXT

Christopher Columbus Appetizer! Was Christopher Columbus out to find if the world was round? Or did he have other motives for heading west? Explain your rationale.

PAY ATTENTION TO THE WINKY

The Americas, Africa, and Europe Ancient Cultures in the Americas 1 SECTION The Americas, Africa, and Europe Ancient Cultures in the Americas The First Americans • 22,000 years ago hunters cross from Asia to Alaska over Beringia Map Hunting and Gathering • Inhabitants hunt large animals until climate warms • 12,000 to 10,000 years ago hunt small game, gather nuts and berries Agriculture Develops • Planting of crops begins in central Mexico 10,000 to 5,000 years ago • Some cultures remain nomadic—moving in search of food and water Continued . . . NEXT

Early Colonial Claims 1492 Christopher Columbus’ voyage led to European settlement Spanish Conquistadors were followed by Portugal, Holland, England, France, and even Russia (1741) They came for God, Gold, and Glory! St. Augustine, FL (Spain, 1565) = oldest city in U.S.

The Columbian Exchange Columbus’ Legacy is a Mixture of Pros and Cons. New Animals Introduced (Horses, Cattle, Hogs, Sheep, etc.) New Foods Introduced in Europe (Corn, Potatoes, Tomatoes, etc.) Measles, Mumps, Typhus, & Smallpox (Diseases) - Maybe 90% of Native Americans perished. African slavery introduced to provide labor in New World by Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and later the English would dominate the trade.

The Middle Passage By 1650 an estimated 300,000 African slaves were in the Spanish Caribbean working gold and silver mines and plantations. The Portuguese in Brazil dominated the European sugar trade and more than 40% of 12 million slaves taken from Africa were sent to S. America. The English =largest exporters of slaves after 1690 (1.7 million in just over 100 years) and only 400,000 actually wound up in the U.S.

The Middle Passage The Middle Passage was the middle leg of the Atlantic trade triangle.

Analysis of Historical Events

PERSIA P – Power, Politics E- Economics R- Religion S-Social I-Innovation, Invention A-Artistic, Art PERSIA

Using the PERSIA Matrix – Identify reasons why European Powers wanted to colonize the new world?

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Interactive NEXT

Reflect (On the bottom; C-Note) On your own: Describe at least three ways in which the Colonization of America will affect other countries.