Migration

 process of spatial movement across borders, with a change of residence for a shorter or longer period or permanently.

Natural and mechanical movement of the population: Natural movement: 1. Natality (birth) 2. Mortality (death rate) Mechanical movement: 1. Migration of population 2. Temporary change of movement 3. Regular movement (school attendance) 4.Irregular temporary movement (holidays, business trips)

According to the direction of migration we can speak about: a) emigration b) immigration For all forms of spatial population movements we use term mobility

We distinguish:  Migration internal  Migration external

Migrant  Migrant - every person who crosses the internationally recognized borders and remains in a country for more than a year (as defined by the UN).

Voluntary migration  voluntary migration resulting from the migrant's own initiative.

Involuntary migration  involuntary migration includes expulsion, evacuation (leaving to protect themselves)

Exodus  Exodus (mass migration) may be caused by natural disaster or war

And what about Slovakia?  we have more than 62 thousand foreigners with a legal residence.

 Nearly two-thirds of immigrants in Slovakia are citizens of EU countries  People from the third countries represent approximately 37% of all foreigners with legal residence in Slovakia (22,932 people).

 The largest group of immigrants are Czechs (over 8,000 people). The high numbers are represented by citizens of Ukraine, Romania and Poland (more than 5000 citizens of these countries) and also Hungary, Germany, Serbia, Vietnam and Russia.

 Foreigners in Slovakia can get three types of legal residence: permanent, temporary and tolerated. The largest group of foreigners has got permanent residence.

The citizens from the EU living in Slovakia have almost all permanent residence.  On the other hand, citizens from the third-countries - only 38% of them have permanent residence.  It was a short information about an immigration to Slovakia.

And what about an emigration from Slovakia?  During the last years, after our entering the EU, many of our young people have travelled to the states of EU to look for the job there.  Many of them are in Great Britain, Ireland, Norway and also in Germany and Austria.

Thank you for your attention

Sources:  ption=com_content&task=view&id=392&Itemid= ption=com_content&task=view&id=392&Itemid=1 61  deti-cudzincov.pdf