The Legislative Branch Congress
The Legislative Branch The primary responsibility is to make the laws. Make decisions based upon: constituents, personal beliefs, interest group influence, and party influence.
Overseeing Agencies Congressional Oversight- committees check the effectiveness of government agencies. (Checks and Balances)
Helping Constituents Voters within their district. Handling requests people have with government agencies. Public appearances.
Bicameral Congress Senate: The New Jersey Plan. Two per State 17 th Amendment: Senate is elected directly by the people. Approval Powers: Presidential appointments, treaties, and impeachment. Senators serve 6 year terms.
House of Representatives Virginia Plan: Based upon a states population. In 1910, the final number was set at 435 voting members Census: Taken every 10 years to determine number of reps. per state: Reapportionment Reps serve 2 year terms.
Reapportionment Redistribution of seats per state in the House. Districts are redrawn by the individual state legislatures. Gerrymandering: Unfairly drawing up the districts to favor one party over the other.
Gerrymandering Isolating the opposition into the fewest districts possible. Dividing the minority party into surrounding districts Racial Gerrymandering.
Legislation against gerrymandering Voting Rights Act of 1965-Illegal to racially gerrymander. Thornburg v. Gingles-Illegal to divide minority populations. Davis v. Bandemer- Outlawed extreme cases of gerrymandering. Bipartisan Commissions- Equal number of party members: Montana, Hawaii, Colorado