Unit Four: Chapter 22 • commemorate • empathy • complacent • menial • consensus • niche • deplete • transcend • diligent • waive Page 122 in textbook.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 commemorate – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 commemorate – verb • Thomas devoted himself to feeding the hungry. So on the anniversary of his death, it seems wrong to commemorate his life with a fancy dinner party that only the rich can attend. • Each year, my parents commemorate their first date by having dinner at McDonalds, the place where they first met. Commemorate means A. to share. B. to celebrate. C. to believe. Page 122 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 commemorate – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 commemorate – verb • Thomas devoted himself to feeding the hungry. So on the anniversary of his death, it seems wrong to commemorate his life with a fancy dinner party that only the rich can attend. • Each year, my parents commemorate their first date by having dinner at McDonalds, the place where they first met. Commemorate means A. to share. B. to celebrate. C. to believe. Page 122 in textbook. One would celebrate Thomas’s life on the anniversary of his death. Having dinner at the place where they first met would be a fitting way for the parents to celebrate the anniversary of their first date.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 complacent – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 complacent – adjective • Elected officials cannot afford to be complacent about winning an election. Before long, they’ll have to campaign again for the voters’ support. • Getting all A’s hasn’t made Ivy complacent. She continues to work hard at school. Complacent means A. very eager. B. reasonable. C. too much at ease. Page 122 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 complacent – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 complacent – adjective • Elected officials cannot afford to be complacent about winning an election. Before long, they’ll have to campaign again for the voters’ support. • Getting all A’s hasn’t made Ivy complacent. She continues to work hard at school. Complacent means A. very eager. B. reasonable. C. too much at ease. Page 122 in textbook. If the elected officials will soon have to campaign again, they cannot be too much at ease about winning the most recent election. If Ivy continues to work hard, getting all A’s must not have made her too much at ease with her schoolwork.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 consensus – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 consensus – noun • A vote revealed strong agreement among the teachers. The consensus was that they would strike if the school board did not act quickly to raise their pay. • The family consensus was that we should go camping again this summer. Ray was the only one who wanted to do something else for a change. Consensus means A. a majority view. B. an unusual idea. C. a question. Page 122 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 consensus – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 consensus – noun • A vote revealed strong agreement among the teachers. The consensus was that they would strike if the school board did not act quickly to raise their pay. • The family consensus was that we should go camping again this summer. Ray was the only one who wanted to do something else for a change. Consensus means A. a majority view. B. an unusual idea. C. a question. Page 122 in textbook. In the first item, the words strong agreement suggest that consensus means “a majority view.” In the second item, if Ray was the only family member who didn’t want to go camping, the majority view was that they should go camping.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 deplete – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 deplete – verb • I’d like to help you out with a loan, but unexpected car repairs have managed to deplete my bank account. • In order not to deplete their small supply of canned food, the shipwreck survivors searched the island for plants they could eat. Deplete means A. to use up. B. to forget. C. to find. Page 122 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 deplete – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 deplete – verb • I’d like to help you out with a loan, but unexpected car repairs have managed to deplete my bank account. • In order not to deplete their small supply of canned food, the shipwreck survivors searched the island for plants they could eat. Deplete means A. to use up. B. to forget. C. to find. Page 122 in textbook. If the person can’t afford to help out with a loan, his or her car repairs must have used up the bank account. If the survivors searched for plants they could eat, they must have wanted not to use up their small supply of canned food.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 diligent – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 diligent – adjective • I wish I had been more diligent about practicing piano when I was younger. It would be nice to be able to play well now. • Diane was lazy when she first joined the family business, but she soon became so diligent that she inspired others to work harder. Diligent means A. self-satisfied. B. lucky. C. hard-working. Page 122 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer. A diligent worker

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 diligent – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 diligent – adjective • I wish I had been more diligent about practicing piano when I was younger. It would be nice to be able to play well now. • Diane was lazy when she first joined the family business, but she soon became so diligent that she inspired others to work harder. Diligent means A. self-satisfied. B. lucky. C. hard-working. Page 122 in textbook. If the person had been more hard-working about practicing the piano in the past, he or she would be able to play well now. The second item contrasts Diane’s former laziness with the fact that she is now hard-working. A diligent worker

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 empathy – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 empathy – noun • Families who lost loved ones in the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have empathy for one another because of their shared grief. • Ms. Allan is an excellent career counselor partly because of her great empathy. She understands each student’s feelings and point of view. Empathy means A. a common opinion. B. a sympathetic understanding. C. an efficiency. Page 122 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 empathy – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 empathy – noun • Families who lost loved ones in the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have empathy for one another because of their shared grief. • Ms. Allan is an excellent career counselor partly because of her great empathy. She understands each student’s feelings and point of view. Empathy means A. a common opinion. B. a sympathetic understanding. C. an efficiency. Page 122 in textbook. In the first item, the words shared grief suggest that empathy means “a sympathetic understanding.” In the second item, if Ms. Allan understands each student’s feelings and point of view, she has a sympathetic understanding of each student.

A man doing a menial task TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 menial – adjective • Julio seems to think my summer job delivering pizza is menial work, but I’ve found that it requires some skills. • Every job can be done with pride. Even menial jobs such as washing windows or scrubbing floors can be performed with care. Menial means A. unskilled. B. steady. C. satisfying. Page 123 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer. A man doing a menial task

A man doing a menial task TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 menial – adjective • Julio seems to think my summer job delivering pizza is menial work, but I’ve found that it requires some skills. • Every job can be done with pride. Even menial jobs such as washing windows or scrubbing floors can be performed with care. Menial means A. unskilled. B. steady. C. satisfying. Page 123 in textbook. Although delivering pizza may seem like unskilled work, in fact it requires some skills. Washing windows and scrubbing floors are unskilled jobs. A man doing a menial task

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 niche – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 niche – noun • Although her degree was in accounting, Kendra decided her niche was really in business management, so she went back to school for more training. • Dom spent the years after college moving restlessly from job to job, never finding a comfortable niche for himself. Niche means A. a shared opinion. B. a suitable place. C. an education. Page 123 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 niche – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 niche – noun • Although her degree was in accounting, Kendra decided her niche was really in business management, so she went back to school for more training. • Dom spent the years after college moving restlessly from job to job, never finding a comfortable niche for himself. Niche means A. a shared opinion. B. a suitable place. C. an education. Page 123 in textbook. If Kendra went back for more training in business management, she must have decided that business management was work that suited her well (was a suitable place for her). If Dom moved restlessly from job to job, he must not have found a suitable place for himself.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 transcend – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 transcend – verb • The psychic convinced her clients that she could transcend time and space and talk directly with the dead. • Yoga can help one transcend the cares of the world and reach a state of relaxation. Transcend means A. to participate in. B. to go past. C. to use up. Page 123 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 transcend – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 transcend – verb • The psychic convinced her clients that she could transcend time and space and talk directly with the dead. • Yoga can help one transcend the cares of the world and reach a state of relaxation. Transcend means A. to participate in. B. to go past. C. to use up. Page 123 in textbook. In order to talk directly with the dead, the psychic would have to go past time and space. In order to reach a state of relaxation one must rise above (go past) the cares of the world.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 waive – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 waive – verb • The defendant decided to waive his right to an attorney and, instead, speak for himself in court. • Since Lin had studied so much math on her own, the school waived the requirement that she take high school algebra. Waive means A. to lose. B. to honor. C. to give up. Page 123 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 waive – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 waive – verb • The defendant decided to waive his right to an attorney and, instead, speak for himself in court. • Since Lin had studied so much math on her own, the school waived the requirement that she take high school algebra. Waive means A. to lose. B. to honor. C. to give up. Page 123 in textbook. If the defendant was going to speak for himself, he must have decided to give up his right to an attorney. If Lin had already learned the material on her own, the school would give up the requirement that she take algebra.