Methods of excitation: nuclear reactions

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Presentation transcript:

Methods of excitation: nuclear reactions

Electromagnetic excitation 208Pb beam 238U target energy of gamma radiation (keV) log (intensity)

Electric fields of multipoles In general the electric potential due to an arbitrary charge distribution is expansion special case: electric monopole

Electric fields of multipoles In general the electric potential due to an arbitrary charge distribution is homogenous charge distribution special case: electric monopole

Electric field lines of two interacting charges

Monopole, dipole, quadrupole, ... octopole

Monopole, dipole, quadrupole, ...

Electric fields of multipoles In general the electric potential due to an arbitrary charge distribution is expansion multipole moments special case: electric quadrupole potential special case: electric quadrupole matrixelement B(E2)-value: