Unit 1 notes Part 1 Periodic table basic

Identify the parts on the periodic table YOU must know how to identify what the number mean on the periodic table

Properties of subatomic particles YOU must be able to fill in this diagram Subatomic Particle MassCharge Protons1 amu+ Neutron1 amu0 Electron0-

Other important facts (Know these) All ATOMS are neutral in charge. ▫Hence protons = electrons Only protons and neutrons have mass ▫Thurs protons + neutrons = mass number For now, round the atomic mass (bottom number) to nearest whole number ▫Hence boron round to 11.

Determining Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons of using a periodic table YOU must be able to fill in a diagram like this using a periodic table Name of Element Element Symbol Mass Number Atomic NumberProtonsNeutronsElectrons BoronB Sodium Na Gallium3137

Unit 1 notes Part 2 Periodic table basics part 2

The Parts of the Periodic Table You must know where metals, non-metals, and semi-metals are on the periodic table (figure 3.9 p. 70) You must be able to identify where the Akali metals, alkaline metals, transition metals, halogens, noble gases, lanthanides, and actinides are on a periodic table (figure 3.7 page 68) You must be able to identify groups I-VIIIA and groups 1-18 (figure 3.7 p. 68)

Diatomic Molecules You must be able to name the diatomic molecules (so important! You will see) Table 3.5 p. 74 ▫H 2, N 2, O 2, F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I 2 Definition of diatomic molecules: A molecule that can’t exist alone. Hence a brick of gold is made of many individual gold atoms while oxygen is made of two oxygen atoms chemically combined.

Unit 1 Part 3 Notes Ions Formation

Review (quick) In an atom Atomic number = protons Protons = electrons Mass number = protons+ neutrons

What are Ions? Metals lose electrons to become cations ▫Cations are + (since electrons are negative) Non-metals gain electrons to become anions ▫Anion are – (since electrons are negative) Each group loses or gains the same amount of electrons as the rest of their family (next slide)

Chargers of groups Group 1 = +1 Group 2 = +2 Groups 3-12 = +2 or +3 Group 13 = +3 Group 14 = + or - 4 Group 15 = -3 Group 16 = -2 Group 17 = -1 Group 18 = 0

Things to note… Transition metals  Still lose electrons to become cations  Tend to form +2 or +3 cations Noble gases  Do not form ions! Ion formation is reason behind chemical reactions!  Positive charges will attract negative charges

Chemistry Unit 1 Part 4 Chemical Symbols

How many ▫Protons: ▫Electrons: ▫Neutrons:

Chemical Symbols How many for each ▫Protons: ▫Electrons: ▫Neutrons: These are called “Isotopes” ▫Mass in an atom can change by adding or losing neutrons

Chemical Symbols of Ions How many… ▫Protons ▫Electrons ▫Neutrons

Write the chemical symbol 30 protons, 39 neutrons, and 28 electrons.

Write the chemical symbol Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with 31 protons, 39 neutrons, and 28 electrons.

Write the chemical symbol Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with 73 protons, 108 neutrons, and 68 electrons.