Aim #21: What domestic and foreign issues did Jefferson encounter during his presidency? Do now! Please read Document A and B on the Louisiana Purchase and fill in the graphic organizer on the reverse side.

THE LOUISIANA TERRITORY INCLUDED PARTS OF LOUISIANA, ARKANSAS, MISSOURI, IOWA, MINNESOTA, NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, NEBRASKA, KANSAS, OKLAHOMA, COLORADO, WYOMING, TEXAS, NEW MEXICO, AND MONTANA The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the U.S. for the price of 4 cents an acre. President Jefferson sent three expeditions to explore the new territory. 2 2

(I) Louisiana Purchase (1803) Reason for sale 1. Napoleon needed $ for war with Britain, offered all of Louisiana for $15 million 2. Napoleon doesn’t want to defend colonies in North America b. Federalists were unhappy with purchase (they did not like Jefferson) c. Created constitutional dilemma for Jefferson Believed in strict interpretation 2. Nothing in Constitution says a President can purchase foreign land d. Uses presidential power to make treaties

e. Lewis and Clark Expedition Jefferson sends an expedition to explore the new territory, and find a route to the Pacific Ocean May 1804 the Corps of Discovery leave St. Louis, and return in September of 1806

I’m from the Caribbean not the coast of Africa!!! (II) Jefferson’s Foreign Policy Followed Washington’s advice to avoid alliances and to remain neutral in foreign wars b. Barbary Pirates (North African Coast) 1. European nations pay tribute for safe passage through the Mediterranean Sea 2. Jefferson refuses and sends navy 3. Blockade and raids on N. Africa 4. Raid on Tripoli, peace comes in 1805 I’m from the Caribbean not the coast of Africa!!!

c. Napoleonic Wars and Impact on the US 1. US remained neutral attempting to trade with both nations 2. Both France and Britain organized blockades of enemy ports and seized neutral shops attempting to trade with their enemies 3. British practiced impressment: capturing sailors and forcing them into service in the British navy d. Chesapeake-Leonard Affair British warship (Leonard) fired on US warship (Chesapeake); killed 3 and impressed 4 others

Impressment caused great anger against Britain in the U.S. What is Impressment? It means forcing men to join an army or navy. Often the men are kidnapped off the street by “press gangs.” Who was impressing American citizens? The British Navy, which had used impressment for centuries. Why was Impressment used? Life in the British Navy has been described as a “living hell.” Sailors were treated badly and working conditions were dirty and dangerous. There were few volunteers, so the navy turned to kidnapping or impressing unwilling men to fill their ships with crews. 7 7

Effects of the Embargo and Non-Intercourse Acts e. EMBARGO ACT (1807) 1. Law prohibiting American ships from sailing to any foreign port during the Napoleonic wars. 2. Jefferson believed that the British would rather respect American neutrality than lost their largest trading partner 3. British went to South America for their raw materials, American economy devastated 4. led to illegal smuggling, and caused a shortage of markets for Southern farmers. 5. (1809) the Embargo Act was repealed and the Non-Intercourse Act was passed, which allowed U.S. ships to trade with all nations except Britain and France. 8 8

1. What symbols, words, phrases, images do you notice in this cartoon? 2. What is the message of the cartoonist about the Embargo Act?