Vocabulary Stems The base to your language!

It gives you a leg to stand on!

Vocabulary Origins English is the mixture of many languages. Its origins are Greek, Latin, French, Old English, and Middle English. English is a living language so it is constantly changing.

Stems Beginnings – prefixes Roots – bases Endings – suffixes Add them up to make words. Example: in (into) + spec (look) + tion (act or state ) = inspection (to look into)

Vocabulary Words 10-1

Mit – sent(Latin) Intermittent – intermitente – stopping and starting between intervals. Mitigate- mitigar – to lessen in force or intensity, as with grief, harshness, or pain Remit – mandato – to send back Example: During the intermittent rain, I hoped to mitigate the loss of our dog in between showers by remitting his ashes to the pond where he liked to swim.

Prim – first (Latin) Primal – primaria – original Primeval – primitivo – of or pertaining to the first age or ages Primitive – primitivo – being of the first or earliest in kind or existence. Example: Primitive man made the primal cave drawings during the primeval or earliest known time periods.

Proto – first (Latin) Protocol – protocolo – the first of a document Protohistory – protohistoria – the study of a culture before its recorded history Protolithic – protolithic – relating to the very beginning of the Stone Age. Example: During the Protolithic time period, there was not protocol, written history, only a oral history, which is protohistory.

Tain – hold (Latin) Abstain – abstenerse – to hold oneself back Detain - detener - to hold down Sustain – mantener – to support or hold Example: To abstain from serious physical relationships, not only sustains one’s self respect, it detains serious physical and emotional problems.

Vert – turn (Latin) Incontrovertible – incontrovertible – not open to question or dispute Revert – volver – to turn back Subvert – subvertir – to over thrown; to ruin; to turn against. Example: In a desire to subvert the king’s rule, the revolutionaries presented incontrovertible evidence that the king couldn’t argue, proving he wanted to revert the citizens rights, making them slaves.

Crazy Words Prim + vert = first turn Example: I must take the primvert on the left to go to his neighborhood. Proto + tain = first hold Example: Bob dropped his prototain and was thrown from the bull. Prim + mit = first send Example: Primmitting a man into space was important during the 1960s.