Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Cardiovascular System The heart and blood vessels (veins and arteries) The heart pumps blood Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Blood Vessels: The Vascular System Taking blood to the tissues and back Arteries Capillaries Veins Figure 11.8a
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Capillary Beds This is where the exchange of oxygen and CO 2 occurs with cells These blood vessels are extremely small
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Direct Diffusion Through Capillaries
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Components of the blood Red blood cells White blood cells Platelet proteins Plasma
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Red blood cells: - Carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings White blood cells: Help fight infections and aid in the immune response process.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Platelets Help in blood clotting
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Plasma Yellow liquid component in which cells are suspended
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Major Arteries You Need to Know! Carotid Subclavian Aorta (ascending aorta) Thoracic Renal femoral
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation Figure Carotid Subclavian Aorta Femoral Thoracic Renal
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Major Veins You Need to Know! Jugular Superior vena cava and Inferior vena cava Brachiocephalic Femoral Axillary
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Major Veins of Systemic Circulation Figure Inferior vena cava Jugular Superior vena cava Femoral Brachiocephalic Axillary
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart Location Between the lungs Pointed apex directed toward left hip About the size of your fist
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart Figure 11.1
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings External Heart Anatomy Figure 11.2a
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Heart Anatomy What you need to be able to locate: Right and left pulmonary arteries Right and left pulmonary veins Aorta Superior and inferior vena cava Right and left atrium Right and left ventricle Bicuspid and tricuspid valves Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves Its 11 structures, so learn 4 each night!!!
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart: Chambers Right and left side act as separate pumps Four chambers Atria Receiving chambers Right atrium Left atrium Ventricles Pumping chambers Right ventricle Left ventricle Figure 11.2c
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart: Associated Great Vessels Aorta Leaves left ventricle Pulmonary arteries Leave right ventricle Vena cava Enters right atrium Pulmonary veins (four) Enter left atrium
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart: Valves Atrioventricular valves – between atria and ventricles Bicuspid valve (left) Tricuspid valve (right)
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart: Valves Allow blood to flow in only one direction Four valves Atrioventricular valves – between atria and ventricles Bicuspid valve (left) Tricuspid valve (right) Semilunar valves between ventricle and artery Pulmonary semilunar valve Aortic semilunar valve
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart: Valves Semilunar valves between ventricle and artery Pulmonary semilunar valve Aortic semilunar valve
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heart: Valves Valves open as blood is pumped through Close to prevent backflow Heart murmur is a semi-faulty valve
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Blood Circulation Figure 11.3
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Blood Circulation Where does the heart send/receive blood? Pulmonary Circuit Blood goes from right side of the heart to lungs to left side of heart 1. Oxygen poor blood enters right atrium 2. Oxygen poor blood pumped out of right ventricle 3. Pulmonary arteries carry O 2 poor blood to lungs 4. Blood gets its O 2 and then is carried back to left atrium by pulmonary veins
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Blood Circulation
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Blood Circulation Systemic Circuit Blood goes from left side of heart to rest of body to right side of heart 1. O 2 rich blood pumped out of left ventricle 2. Aorta/other arteries take O 2 rich blood to body 3. Blood gives oxygen to body tissues 4. O 2 poor blood brought back to right atrium by vena cava/other veins
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Operation of Heart Valves Figure 11.4 ***You don’t need to memorize this page, just know basically how a valve works within the heart
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Filling of Heart Chambers – the Cardiac Cycle Figure 11.6