Cell SB 1 a Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis and.

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Presentation transcript:

Cell SB 1 a Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis and cell reproduction.

Cells Unit Cell = the smallest unit that can carry on all the processes of life

Cell Diversity - cells are limited in size by their surface area to volume ratio - at some point, a cell can’t take in enough energy quickly enough to live - organelles = cell components that perform specific functions for the cell - two types: eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes Nucleus Membrane-bound organelles Largest Single or Multi Celled ex: plants, animals Prokaryotes Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes No Nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Smallest Single Celled ex: bacteria

Multicellular Organization Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism (smallest) (simple) (largest) (complex)

Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell

Cell Membrane Selectively Permeable = only certain things can enter / exit the cell

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm Contains the organelles of the cell Contains cytosol = a gelatin- like aqueous fluid which organelles are in

Cytoplasm

Centrioles Organelles found in animal cells. They are used during cell reproduction.

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton Intracellular matrix that supports cell shape and function.

Cytoskeleton

Nucleus Stores the hereditary information in its DNA; controls the cell (brain of the cell)

Nucleus Nucleus

Nucleolus Site where ribosomes are made

Nucleus/Nucleolus

Ribosomes Most numerous organelle; synthesize proteins

Ribosomes

Mitochondria Sites of chemical reactions – supply energy to cell (powerhouse) More numerous in cells with high energy requirements

Mitochondria

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Functions as a highway along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another Two types: Rough ER (has ribosomes) 2) Smooth ER (no ribosomes)

Rough ER

Smooth ER

Rough and Smooth ER

The processing, packaging, and secreting organelle of the cell Golgi Apparatus The processing, packaging, and secreting organelle of the cell

Golgi Apparatus

Lysosomes Organelles that contain enzymes that digest stuff Common in cells of animals, fungi, and protists, but rare in plant cells

Lysosomes

Microtubules Contributes to the support, movement, and division of the cell

Microtubules

Whipping action propels cells and makes them move Flagella Whipping action propels cells and makes them move

Flagella

Cell Wall Rigidity helps support and protect the plant cell

Cell Wall

Plant Cells with Cell Wall

Vacuole Fluid filled organelle that stores enzymes, metabolic wastes, and water

Vacuole

Vacuole (in a plant cell)

Chloroplast used to trap energy of sunlight during photosynthesis with chlorophyll and convert to energy

Chloroplast

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