Surface conductance and evaporation from 1- km to continental scales using remote sensing Ray Leuning, Yonqiang Zhang, Amelie Rajaud, Helen Cleugh, Francis.

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Presentation transcript:

Surface conductance and evaporation from 1- km to continental scales using remote sensing Ray Leuning, Yonqiang Zhang, Amelie Rajaud, Helen Cleugh, Francis Chiew, Lu Zhang & Kevin Tu CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research, CSIRO Land & Water 5 February 2008

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing The challenge Estimate energy & water fluxes at multiple scales

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing  Traditionally, the “aerodynamic” model is used: where : T sA and T a : aerodynamic surface and air temperatures Assume T sR = T sA Differences between T sA & T sR are small … Land surface evaporation from surface temperature

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Surface temperature T aerodynamic T Remote sensing T aerodynamic T Remote sensing Tumbarumba Virginia Park

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing But… Sensible heat flux simulations are poor Measured Modelled Tumbarumba Virginia Park Leads to poor estimates of evaporation

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing where MODIS evaporation – a “new” approach Penman-Monteith equation for surface evaporation:

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing PM equation for surface & canopy evaporation fraction f of equilibrium rate at soil surface: Surface evaporation = canopy + soil evaporation where MODIS15A2 remote sensing

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Canopy conductance (after Kelliher et al., 1995; Leuning, 1995)

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Surface conductance (Leuning et al., 2007): Surface conductance 6 parameter model, 4 kept constant

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Gs sensitivity analysis D A g sx f

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Time series for Fluxnet sites: Deciduous Evergreen

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Time series for Fluxnet sites: Conifer Savanna

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing E eq & E RS versus E meas for 15 FluxNet sites E eq - Equilibrium evaporation E RS - PM Equation with G s & MODIS L AI E meas (mm/d) E eq (mm/d) E RS (mm/d) 2 free parameters: g sx & f

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Application of E RS to Murray Darling Basin Long-term water balances of gauged catchments Thus Invert evaporation model to solve for g sx & f in model for G s Parameters for 3 rainfall zones from 135 catchments,

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Landcover & gauged catchments – Murray Darling Basin

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Data Meteorological data Daily values of solar radiation, T min, T max and H 2 O vapor pressure from SILO database, MODIS data day/1km MOD15A2 LAI from Distributed Active Archive Center of NASA, Yearly/1km MOD12 land cover Runoff + rainfall data Daily runoff at 135 gauged catchments of MDB Daily precipitation from SILO

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Time series of E, P & L ai for two catchments near Tumbarumba

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing 5-year average E RS vs E WB for 135 catchments

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing P & E RS – Murray Darling Basin

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Budyko Remote sensing Water balance Zhang Energy limit Water supply limit

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Runoff: R Rs and R Budyko

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Runoff maps

CSIRO. Surface conductance and evaporation from 1-km to continental scales using remote sensing Conclusions and further work PM equation, G s model & MODIS L ai Builds in energy balance from start useful for estimating evaporation at catchment scale G s model – biophysical with two parameters g sx and f Overestimation of E due to uncertainties in MODIS L ai Single value of f for each rainfall zone – should be variable No constraint by water balance Further work Combine PM combination equation with catchment water balance Improve soil evaporation component Use microwave remote sensing for f?

Contact Us Phone: or Web: Thank you CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research Ray Leuning Phone: