1. In order to avoid hell, one had to do good works, believe in Christ, and……? 2. What is the difference between excommunication and interdict? 3. This law was based on religious teachings, governed many aspects of life, including wills, marriages, and morals. 4. Which pope outlawed marriage for Priests? 5. Who founded the Franciscan order of Priests?
Jewish communities all across Europe Most groups were very tolerant Any illness or famine, Christians often blamed Jews Anti-Semitism – Prejudice against the Jews
Iron Plows Use of Horses
Rotating Crops Three Field System ▪ Grain ▪ Legumes (peas & beans) ▪ Unplanted
Less feudal wars = more opportunity to travel and trade
Settlements grew with trade system Protect their interests Charter ▪ Document set out the rights and privileges of the town ▪ In return they paid the king a large sum of money
Need for capitol (money) for investments Credit was extended Groups of merchants joined partnerships Insurance
Use of money undermined serfdom By 1300, most peasants were tenant farmers (paid rent), or hired farm laborers