Chapter 3 Critical Listening
Listening Styles Reluctant Appreciative Empathic Comprehensive Critical Aggressive
The Process of Listening Sensation Selection Interpretation Evaluation Response
Three Common Listening Errors Additions Deletions Substitutions Caused by lack of motivation, difficulties with access (problems with “channel”), and/or poor listening skills.
10 Keys to Effective Listening Find areas of interest. Judge content, not delivery. Hold your fire. Listen for ideas. Be flexible. Work at listening. Resist distractions. Exercise your mind. Keep your mind open. Take advantage of the “thinking-speaking ratio” (p. 99).
Improving Your Listening Skills Moving from unconscious incompetence to conscious incompetence, then conscious competence, and finally, to unconscious competence!
Improving Critical Listening Listen for invalid predictions & interpretations of chance events. Watch out for secondhand information. Check your sources! Beware wishful thinking. “Conventional wisdom” isn’t always wise. Use language effectively.