WORKSHOP ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT, PAPER RECYCLING AND BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION

CLEANLINESS DRIVE AS PART OF SWACH BHARAT MISSION

THE CLEAN PERSON IS NOT THE ONE THAT RUNS AWAY FROM DIRT BUT ONE WHO TAKES THE TIME AND EFFORTS TO TIDY – UP A DIRTY ENVIRONMENT.

Other parts of animals they slaughter WHAT IS WASTE Since the beginning, Human kind has been generating waste. It could be in the form of: Bones Other parts of animals they slaughter Wood With the progress of civilization the waste generated became of a more complex nature.

At the end of 19th century (Industrial revolution) there was rise in the world of consumers. The increase in population and urbanization was also largely responsible for the increase in solid waste

TYPES OF WASTE Solid Waste Liquid Waste Gaseous Wastes Animal by-products Biodegradable waste Biomedical waste Bulky waste Business waste

Chemical waste Clinical waste Coffee wastewater Commercial waste Construction and demolition waste (C&D waste)

Solid Waste Management in Schools

SOLID WASTE It is defined as: “Non-liquid, non-soluble materials ranging from municipal garbage to industrial wastes that contain complex and sometimes hazardous substances”

WASTES IN SCHOOL’S WASTE GENERATED IN SCHOOL’S IS MAINLY: PAPER WRAPPERS LEFT OVER TIFFIN LABORATORY WASTE

Approximate time it takes to degenerate the litter The type of litter we generate and the approximate time it takes to degenerate Type of litter Approximate time it takes to degenerate the litter Organic waste such as vegetable and fruit peels, leftover foodstuff, etc A week or two. Paper 10–30 days Cotton cloth 2–5 months Wood 10–15 years Woolen items 1 year Tin, aluminum, and other metal items such as cans 100–500 years Plastic bags one million years Glass bottles undetermined

EFFECTS OF SOLID WASTES a) Health Hazard If solid wastes are not collected and allowed to accumulate, they may create unsanitary conditions. This may lead to epidemic outbreaks. Many diseases like cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, plague, jaundice, or gastro-intestinal diseases may spread and cause loss of human lives. In addition, improper handling of the solid wastes is a health hazard for the workers who come in direct contact with the waste

b) Environmental Impact If the solid wastes are not treated properly, decomposition and putrefaction (decay) may take place. The organic solid waste during decomposition may generate obnoxious (intolerable) odors.

CONTROL MEASURES The main purpose of solid waste management is to minimize the adverse effects on the environment. The steps involved are: Collection of solid wastes Disposal of solid wastes Utilization of wastes

Abandoned or unused quarries, METHODS OF DISPOSAL Disposing of waste in a landfill involves burying the waste, and this remains a common practice in most countries. Landfills were often established in Abandoned or unused quarries, Mining voids Borrow pits

A properly designed and well-managed landfill can be a hygienic and relatively inexpensive method of disposing of waste materials

RECYCLING Recycling refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as empty beverage containers. The materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new products. Material for recycling may be collected separately from general waste using dedicated bins and collection vehicles, or sorted directly from mixed waste streams.

BIOLOGICAL PROCESSING Waste materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material food scraps paper products Can be recycled using biological composting and digestion processes to decompose the organic matter

WASTE MANAGEMENT 4 R’s CONCEPT Four Rs (Refuse, Reuse, Recycle and Reduce) to be followed for waste management.

REFUSE Instead of buying new containers from the market, use the ones that are in the house. Refuse to buy new items though you may think they are prettier than the ones you already have.

REUSE Do not throw away the soft drink cans or the bottles; cover them with homemade paper or paint on them and use them as pencil stands or small vases.

RECYCLE Use shopping bags made of cloth or jute, which can be used over and over again.

REDUCE Reduce the generation of unnecessary waste, e.g. carry your own shopping bag when you go to the market and put all your purchases directly into it.

Some Facts… Total no of schools in India = 1.22 million Some Facts… Major types of waste generated in schools: 1.Food Waste 2.Plastic; 3.Paper; 4.Floor sweeping; 5. Aluminium foils; 6. Others (stationary items, pencil sharpening, etc.)

Hurdles… • • awareness; • infrastructure; • technology; • human power; • budget • planning & overall management.

Solutions !!! 1. Policies, plans & programmes; 2. Solid Waste Management Strategies – at school level; 3. Administrative interventions; 4. Infrastructure; 5 .Disposal Techniques ; and 6. Regulations & their implementation.

Solid Waste Management Strategies 1.Waste management as apart of school curriculum; 2.Student groups; 3.Awareness trainings for schools children & teachers; 4.School Activities – songs, games, quiz, involving children in segregation activities 5.Awareness campaigns in the neighbourhood; and 6.Involving children & their parents.

Solid Waste Management Strategies - Ground Rules Student groups Make them work School Activities Competitions Training Programme Field work

Administrative Interventions 1. School Administrator 2. Class Monitors 3. Budgeting 4. Contacts with various agencies .

Infrastructure 1. Waste segregation & collection Source: 2. Garbage Transportation – within school Source: 3. Space of composting activities. 4. Garbage Transportation – outside school

Disposal Techniques Segregate

Disposal Techniques – Organic Waste • Vermicomposting • Aerobic composting

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