Chapter 9 Chemical Bonding

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Copyright McGraw-Hill Chapter 9 Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories.
Advertisements

Molecular Geometry Lewis structures show the number and type of bonds between atoms in a molecule. –All atoms are drawn in the same plane (the paper).
Drawing Lewis structures
1 Shapes of Molecules Determined by number of valence electrons of the central atom 3-D shape a result of bonded pairs and lone pairs of electrons Use.
SHAPES OF MOLECULES. REMINDER ABOUT ELECTRONS  Electrons have negative charges  Negative charges “repel” each other  In molecules, electrons want to.
Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Chapter 10 Structures of Solids and Liquids 10.2 Shapes of Molecules and Ions (VSEPR Theory)
 1,000,0001,000,000  500,000500,000  250,000250,000  125,000125,000  64,00064,000  32,00032,000  16,00016,000  8,0008,000  4,0004,000  2,0002,000.
Molecular shapes Balls and sticks. Learning objectives  Apply VSEPR to predict electronic geometry and shapes of simple molecules.
Chapter 9 Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories.
Wed 2/11 and Thurs 2/12 Warm up #3: Draw the lewis dot structures 1.N 2 S (use FVS) 2.P 2 O 3 (think in chains) 3.C 3 H 8 (propane) 4.C 2 H 4 (ethane)
Warm-Up: to be turned in Write the electron configuration, noble-gas configuration and orbital notation for: Sulfur and Calcium.
MOLECULAR GEOMETRY VSEPR ACTIVITY. CARBON DIOXIDE Chemical formula: CO 2 # of atoms bonded to central atom: 2 # of lone pairs on central atom: 0 What.
Molecular Shapes Chapter 6 Section 3. Molecular Structure It mean the 3-D arrangement of atoms in a molecule Lewis dot structures show how atoms are bonded.
LAB THIS WEEK EXAM #4 THIS FRIDAY! TODAY’S TOPICS Molecular Shape (8.6) Molecular Polarity (8.7) November 30, 2009.
Lewis Structures & VSEPR. Lewis Structure Lewis Structures – shows how the _______________ are arranged among the atoms of a molecule There are rules.
Section 12.4 Structure of Molecules 1.To understand molecular structure and bond angles 2.To learn to predict molecular geometry from the number of electron.
1 Molecular Geometry. 2 Molecular Structure Molecular geometry is the general shape of a molecule or the arrangement of atoms in three dimensional space.
Chemistry 20 - Chapter Molecular Shapes. VSEPR Theory VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion. VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron.
Chapter 8 Shape of molecules. VSEPR- Stands for: Valence-shell electron pair repulsion theory. States that pairs of valence e- arrange as far apart as.
Sections Molecular Geometries
Molecular Geometry Chapter 6.5.
1 Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds 4.7 Shapes and Polarity of Molecules Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. °
Molecular Shape and Polarity The Importance of Geometry in Determining Physical Properties.
Section 3.3 – Part A Pg Objective: 1) Apply VSEPR theory to predict molecular shapes.
Molecular Shape and Polarity The Importance of Geometry in Determining Physical Properties.
Unit 3: Chemical Bonding
IIIIII Molecular Geometry Molecular Structure. A. VSEPR Theory  Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory  Electron pairs orient themselves so that.
IIIIII II. Molecular Geometry Ch. 9 – Molecular Structure.
Predict the geometry of the molecule from the electrostatic repulsions between the electron (bonding and nonbonding) pairs. Valence shell electron pair.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory –Electron pairs orient themselves in order to minimize repulsive forces.
Molecular Structure Molecular geometry is the general shape of a molecule or the arrangement of atoms in three dimensional space. Physical and chemical.
Topic: Molecular Shape Do Now: Draw the Lewis Dot Diagram for N 2 and C 2 H 2.
Bonds.
VESPR Theory. Molecular Structure Molecular structure – _______________ arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
Objectives VESPR Theory Continue with Lewis dot Drawings.
Topic 1Topic 2Topic 3Topic 4Topic
Chapter 12 Chemical Bonding. Chapter 12 Table of Contents 12.1 Types of Chemical Bonds (see Part 1) 12.2 Electronegativity (see Part 1) 12.3 Bond Polarity.
6.8 Shapes and Polarity of Molecules
Section 2: VSEPR Theory & Molecular Structure and Polarity
Predicting Shapes of Molecules
TOPIC: Molecular Geometry (Shapes of Molecules) Essential Question: How do you determine the different shapes of molecules?
Timberlake LecturePLUS
Molecular Shapes.
Valence Shell Electron Pair
Electron Sharing can be EQUAL or UNEQUAL
Ch. 6.5 Bonding Theories Molecular Geometry.
“The shape of things to come”
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR)
Bellwork Monday Draw the following Lewis dot structures. CCl4 NH4+
Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model:
MOLECULAR GEOMETRY Bonding Unit.
Chapter 6 – 3 Molecular Geometry (p. 214 – 218)
O = O V___________ S________ E________ P______ R____________
Bonding Unit Part B) Structures and Shapes
Molecular Shape & Geometry
GEOMETRY AND POLARITY OF MOLECULES
Chapter 10 Molecular Structure: Solids and Liquids
Chapter 10 Properties of Solids and Liquids
Molecular Structure and Shape
Molecular shapes.
Unit 3: Chemical Bonding
VESPR Theory.
Molecular Shape & Geometry
Molecular Geometry.
Warm up Draw lewis structures for the compounds below: CF4 BF3 CO2.
Bellwork # What is electronegativity?
Molecular Shapes It mean the 3-D arrangement of atoms in a molecule
Molecular Geometry.
Molecular Shapes Mrs. Chan.
Polar and Non-polar Covalent Bonds
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 9 Chemical Bonding Section 9.2 Molecular Shape and Polarity

The Shapes of Molecules The shape of a molecule and the polarity of its bonds determine whether the molecule as a whole is polar. The shape is important in predicting properties and how the molecule reacts with other molecules

The Shapes of Molecules Models help us visualize the 3D structures of molecules.

Lewis Dot Structure Review groups – what is the number we want? Draw the Lewis dot structures of the following: CH4 NH3 CO2 H2CO

Double Bond- a bond formed by sharing two pairs of electrons between two atoms Triple Bond- a bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons between two atoms

Shapes Linear Trigonal Planar Bent Tetrahedral Trigonal Pyramidal

Linear Shape (2 electron groups)

Trigonal Shape (3 electron groups) Trigonal Planar Bent

Tetrahedral (4 electron groups) Bent Trigonal Pyramid

Lone pair electrons Distort the shape of molecules Example: Tetrahedral geometry No lone pairs One lone pair Two lone pairs CH4 NH3 H2O

Steps in Creating a 3-D model Draw Lewis structure Count the # of bonds and lone pair electrons on the central atom Select geometric category Place electrons and atoms that lead to most stable arrangement ( minimize e-repulsions) Determine 3-D

Some Models Create the following models (pg 323) HCl CH4 NH3 H2O C2H6

Polar and Non-Polar Molecules Polarity is important, just like shape, in affecting the properties of compounds. They act TOGETHER.

Polar and Non-Polar Polar molecule – MOLECULE has a positive and negative pole. (Different ENs) - Dipole Non-polar molecule– MOLECULE share electrons equally. (Same ENs)

Build the model and predict the polarity of the following: CCl4 NH3 HF C2H4